CROSS-STANDARD public interest · EV charger
China-to-Denmark EV Charger Compliance Gap Matrix
AI-compiled from official public sources — cross-checked by multiple AI models, not human-verified. Informational only; see disclaimer. Public-interest, source-linked comparison of common China EV charger documentation against Denmark (DS / Forsyningstilsynet / Energinet / Sikkerhedsstyrelsen) and EU CE framework expectations, including IEC 61851, IEC 62196-2 Type 2/CCS2 compatibility, electrical protection-device requirements, national installation rules, and Denmark's smart-charging and wind-integration context.
Dataset 2026-06-11
Last verified 2026-06-15
12 rows
GAP MATRIX
Compliance Gap Matrix
| Compliance item | Common China baseline | Denmark (DS / Forsyningstilsynet / Energinet) | Gap / action | Source + verification date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC Charging Connector Standard (Type 2) — Denmark | China uses GB/T 20234.2 for AC charging, which defines a physically distinct 7-pin connector incompatible with IEC Type 2. GB/T plugs cannot mate with EU Type 2 sockets.GB/T 20234.2-2015 (AC EV charging connector, China) | EU public AC recharging points are subject to AFIR (Regulation (EU) 2023/1804) requirements for connector availability. AFIR Annex II specifies Type 2 for normal-power AC recharging points. IEC/EN 62196-2 describes the Type 2 technical connector design; the legal obligation is AFIR, while the IEC/EN standard is the technical specification route. Denmark, as an EU member state with one of Europe's highest EV adoption rates and an extensive public charging network, applies AFIR in full. Danish EV charging infrastructure widely uses Type 2 connectors and Denmark has been an early adopter of smart charging and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) pilots.IEC 62196-2 (Type 2 AC connector) EN 62196-2 Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 (AFIR), Art. 4 Directive 2014/94/EU (AFID) [superseded by AFIR] |
Hardware connector is physically incompatible. A Chinese EV or EVSE designed only around a GB/T AC interface cannot interoperate with EU/Denmark public Type 2 AC infrastructure without a physical inlet/socket and control-interface redesign. The connector body, pin count, and locking mechanism all differ. Denmark's advanced smart-charging ecosystem means that charger control interfaces and back-office protocols are also expected to meet Danish operator requirements (typically OCPP). Any adapter strategy for public infrastructure must be checked against AFIR and local safety rules rather than treated as a substitute for compliant connector design.[INFORMATIONAL] Non-compliant for EU/Denmark public charging interoperability as-is if the product only supports GB/T AC. EU/Denmark public AC infrastructure must meet AFIR connector requirements, and IEC/EN 62196-2 Type 2 is the technical specification used for that route. GB/T AC interfaces are not a substitute for AFIR-compliant Type 2 compatibility. | Danish Standards (DS)2026-06-15 · reference |
| DC Fast-Charging Connector Standard (CCS Combo 2) — Denmark | China uses GB/T 20234.3 for DC fast charging, defining a physically distinct 9-pin connector (CHAdeMO-influenced design) incompatible with CCS Combo 2. The pin layout, communication protocol (CAN vs. PLC), and inlet shape all differ.GB/T 20234.3-2023 (DC EV charging connector, China) | EU public DC recharging points are subject to AFIR (Regulation (EU) 2023/1804) requirements for connector availability. AFIR Annex II specifies Combo 2 for high-power DC recharging points. IEC/EN 62196-3 describes the CCS Combo 2 technical connector design; the legal obligation is AFIR, while the IEC/EN standard is the technical specification route. Denmark has an extensive DC fast-charging network and was an early adopter of high-power charging, making CCS Combo 2 the de facto standard for DC charging throughout the country.IEC 62196-3 (CCS Combo 2 DC connector) EN 62196-3 Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 (AFIR), Art. 4 & Annex II Directive 2014/94/EU (AFID) [superseded] |
Hardware connector is physically incompatible. Chinese EVs or EVSE with only a GB/T DC interface cannot fast-charge at EU/Denmark CCS2 public stations without hardware and communication-stack redesign. The vehicle/charger communication stack (GB/T 27930 CAN vs. ISO 15118 / DIN 70121 PLC pathways in common EU CCS practice) also differs, compounding the incompatibility beyond the physical plug. Denmark's extensive CCS2 network and high consumer expectations for fast-charging interoperability make this a particularly critical gap in the Danish market. Any adapter strategy for public infrastructure must be checked against AFIR and local safety rules.[INFORMATIONAL] Non-compliant for EU/Denmark public DC charging interoperability as-is if the product only supports GB/T DC. EU/Denmark public DC infrastructure must meet AFIR connector requirements, and IEC/EN 62196-3 CCS Combo 2 is the technical specification used for that route. GB/T DC interfaces are not a substitute for AFIR-compliant Combo 2 compatibility. | Danish Standards (DS)2026-06-15 · reference |
| Legal Mandate: AFIR vs. AFID and Transition Timeline — Denmark | China's equivalent policy mandate is GB/T 20234 series (enforced via MIIT type-approval). No bilateral connector recognition or mutual acceptance agreement exists between China GB/T and EU IEC 62196 standards. (Confirmed: no bilateral connector or certification mutual recognition treaty between CN GB/T 20234 and EU IEC 62196 has been concluded as of June 2026.)GB/T 20234.1-2023 (general requirements) GB/T 20234.2-2015 (AC) GB/T 20234.3-2023 (DC) MIIT EV type-approval requirements (China) |
Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 (AFIR) replaced Directive 2014/94/EU (AFID) with binding targets. AFIR entered into force 13 April 2024. New public charging pools must comply from that date; all existing pools must be upgraded to Type 2 / CCS2 by 2025–2026 depending on power level. AFIR is directly applicable in all EU member states without transposition, including Denmark. Denmark was already largely compliant with Type 2 / CCS2 infrastructure before AFIR entered into force, given its early EV adoption and extensive charging network development.Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 (AFIR) — OJ L 2023/1804, 22 Sep 2023 Directive 2014/94/EU (AFID) [superseded] |
No harmonisation or mutual recognition between GB/T and IEC 62196 series. AFIR is a binding EU Regulation (not a Directive), meaning no member-state flexibility to accept GB/T connectors, and this applies in Denmark as in all EU member states. Any EV destined for the EU/Denmark market must carry Type 2 (AC) and CCS Combo 2 (DC) inlets as a hard market-entry requirement. Denmark's high EV penetration and demanding consumer expectations make connector compliance especially critical.[INFORMATIONAL] Non-compliant as-is for EU/Denmark public charging infrastructure where a product relies on Chinese GB/T connectors only. AFIR creates the binding EU obligation for in-scope public infrastructure; Type 2 / Combo 2 technical compatibility is the practical redesign item. This is a product and infrastructure interoperability gap, not merely a documentation gap. | Forsyningstilsynet (Danish Utility Regulator)2026-06-15 · reference |
| Energinet / DSO Grid Connection — 230/400 V 50 Hz Danish Network | China domestic charger installations are commonly documented under GB/T 18487.1-2023, GB/T 20234 connector standards, GB/T 27930-2023 for DC communication, and local grid-operator acceptance. China domestic supply is 220 V single-phase / 380 V three-phase at 50 Hz. The shared 50 Hz frequency does not mean voltage equivalence: Denmark 230/400 V requires input-voltage, protection-threshold, thermal, and metering validation beyond the China baseline. China has no equivalent to Denmark's advanced smart-charging DSO demand-response ecosystem.GB/T 18487.1-2023 GB/T 20234.2-2015 GB/T 20234.3-2023 GB/T 27930-2023 China local grid operator project-acceptance requirements |
Denmark's electricity supply is operated through Energinet (energinet.dk) as the transmission system operator and multiple regional distribution system operators (DSOs), with Forsyningstilsynet (forsyningstilsynet.dk) providing regulatory oversight. The low-voltage context is 230 V single-phase / 400 V three-phase at 50 Hz. That is the same frequency as China but a different nominal voltage from China's 220/380 V baseline. Grid-connected charger projects should be treated as site-specific electrical installations requiring DSO supply-capacity review, protection coordination, metering, earthing, harmonic and power-quality review, commissioning, and written project acceptance before energisation. Denmark's high wind penetration and smart-grid development mean that load management, smart-charging profiles, and DSO demand-response coordination may be required for EV charger deployments, especially commercial or fleet installations.Energinet transmission network connection requirements (energinet.dk) Danish DSO (distribution system operator) grid-connection and project-acceptance requirements Forsyningstilsynet electricity-sector regulatory oversight IEC 61000 series — electromagnetic compatibility and power quality IEC 61851-1 — EV conductive charging system general requirements HD 60364-7-722 (CENELEC harmonised document for EV charging installations) |
Exporters must confirm that the charger covers 230 V single-phase / 400 V three-phase at 50 Hz, not only China's 220/380 V settings. Protection thresholds, leakage-current devices (Type B RCD or A+DC detection per HD 60364-7-722), metering accuracy, harmonic emissions, supply-capacity calculations, earthing, surge protection, and commissioning documents should be prepared for Danish DSO review. For Denmark's smart-charging and wind-heavy grid context, load management capability, OCPP smart-charging profile support, and DSO demand-response coordination should be agreed before deployment. Danish-language technical documentation is commonly expected.[INFORMATIONAL] Denmark-ready EVSE needs Danish DSO project acceptance and explicit 230/400 V 50 Hz validation. Do not describe the voltage as matching China: only the 50 Hz frequency matches, while nominal voltage differs from China's 220/380 V baseline. Verify DSO smart-charging and load-management requirements before deployment. | Energinet (Danish Transmission System Operator)2026-06-15 · reference |
| CE Conformity Assessment — LVD, EMC, RED (if wireless) — Denmark | In China, EV chargers require China Compulsory Certification (CCC) under the GB/T and GB standards regime. Key standards include GB/T 18487.1 (AC charging system) and GB/T 20234 series (connectors). CCC is a mandatory third-party certification through designated bodies (CABs); it does not involve self-declaration and is structurally different from CE's conformity-based model.GB/T 18487.1-2015 (AC EV charging system) GB/T 20234.1-2023 (general requirements for connectors) GB/T 20234.2-2015 (AC charging interface) GB/T 20234.3-2023 (DC charging interface) CCC certification (CNCA mandatory) |
EV chargers sold in Denmark (as in the EU) must bear the CE marking, demonstrating conformity with all applicable EU legislation. Wired AC/DC chargers typically fall under LVD (2014/35/EU) and EMC Directive (2014/30/EU); chargers with wireless communication (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth for smart charging) additionally require conformity with RED (2014/53/EU). Conformity is generally established by manufacturer self-declaration supported by a technical file. Harmonised EN standards are voluntary routes to presumption of conformity, not mandatory legal requirements in themselves. In Denmark, Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (sik.dk) is the market surveillance authority for electrical products including EV chargers.Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD) Directive 2014/30/EU (EMCD) Directive 2014/53/EU (RED) EN 61851-1 (AC EV charging) EN IEC 61851-21-2 (EMC for off-board EV chargers) EN 55032 / EN 55035 (EMC emissions/immunity) Sikkerhedsstyrelsen market surveillance (sik.dk) |
Chinese manufacturers must obtain CE marking via EU-recognised conformity assessment routes (self-declaration under harmonised EN standards or notified-body involvement for certain RED equipment). CCC certification is not recognised in the EU/Denmark and does not substitute for CE. Manufacturers must generate EU-specific technical documentation, test reports referencing EN standards, and an EU Declaration of Conformity — none of which are produced as part of the CCC process. Danish-language instructions and documentation are expected for equipment installed in Denmark.[INFORMATIONAL] CE marking is mandatory before placing EV chargers on the EU/Denmark market. CCC does not substitute for CE. Manufacturers must independently build EU technical files and, for wireless-enabled chargers, ensure RED compliance where applicable. Harmonised EN standards may support presumption of conformity but are not the mandatory legal obligation themselves. Danish-language instructions are required for Denmark installations. | Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority)2026-06-15 · reference |
| EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) and Technical File — Denmark | Under the Chinese CCC regime, the equivalent documentary output is the CCC certificate issued by the designated certification body, accompanied by type-test reports. There is no manufacturer self-declaration equivalent to the EU DoC; the certificate is issued by a third party. Post-certificate, manufacturers must maintain a production consistency system audited periodically by the CAB.CNCA-C25-01:2024 (CCC implementation rules for EV charging equipment — effective 1 March 2025, supersedes any prior voluntary-only scheme; issued CNCA Announcement No. 25/2024) Measures for the Administration of Compulsory Product Certification (SAMR 2020) |
Before placing a product on the EU/Denmark market, the manufacturer (or its EU authorised representative) must draw up an EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) listing all applicable directives and the harmonised standards applied, and must compile and retain a technical file for at least 10 years. The DoC must be made available to market surveillance authorities on request. Requirements are set out in each applicable directive (LVD Art. 15, EMCD Art. 14, RED Art. 19) and in Decision 768/2008/EC (modular conformity assessment). Sikkerhedsstyrelsen in Denmark may request DoC and technical files as part of market surveillance activities.Directive 2014/35/EU Art. 15 (LVD DoC) Directive 2014/30/EU Art. 14 (EMCD DoC) Directive 2014/53/EU Art. 19 (RED DoC) Decision 768/2008/EC (modular conformity assessment framework) Sikkerhedsstyrelsen market surveillance authority (sik.dk) |
Chinese manufacturers exporting to Denmark must create an EU-format DoC from scratch — listing each applicable EU directive, the specific harmonised standards applied, the manufacturer's name and address (or EU authorised representative's), and a traceable signatory. The CCC certificate neither replaces nor simplifies this; test data generated for CCC may be re-used only if it was produced against equivalent EN test methods, which requires engineering review. The DoC and associated technical file should reference the specific 230/400 V 50 Hz configuration tested.[INFORMATIONAL] An EU DoC is a legal document that manufacturers or their EU representatives must sign and retain. It cannot be delegated to a test lab or certification body. Chinese exporters with only CCC documentation must draft the DoC in-house or engage an EU-based compliance consultant. The DoC should reference the Denmark-specific 230/400 V 50 Hz configuration. | Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority)2026-06-15 · reference |
| EU Economic Operator / Authorised Representative — Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 — Denmark | China has no direct regulatory equivalent requiring a domestic responsible operator for export-bound products. Chinese manufacturers exporting abroad appoint foreign distributors or agents commercially, but there is no statutory requirement to designate an EU-resident legal representative responsible for CE compliance and market surveillance cooperation.N/A — no direct Chinese equivalent | Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance and product compliance requires that products placed on the EU market have an identifiable 'responsible economic operator' established in the EU. For products manufactured outside the EU, this means the importer or, if no EU importer, a mandated EU authorised representative (Art. 4). The responsible operator must: hold the DoC and technical file or ensure they are accessible; register in RAPEX/ICSMS where required; cooperate with market surveillance authorities; and take corrective action if a product is non-compliant. This obligation applies to EV chargers as CE-marked electrical equipment. In Denmark, Sikkerhedsstyrelsen enforces this requirement as the national market surveillance authority.Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Art. 4 (responsible economic operator) Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Art. 5 (obligations of importers) Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Art. 8 (market surveillance obligations) Sikkerhedsstyrelsen market surveillance enforcement (sik.dk) |
This is a structural gap with no Chinese regulatory analogue. A Chinese EV charger manufacturer shipping directly to Danish customers (e.g., via e-commerce) must appoint an EU-established authorised representative before the first unit enters the EU/Denmark market. Without one, the product cannot legally be placed on the EU market under Regulation 2019/1020. The AR must be named on the product label or documentation. Sikkerhedsstyrelsen in Denmark actively enforces this requirement through market surveillance.[INFORMATIONAL] Chinese manufacturers without an EU importer must appoint an EU-established authorised representative. This is a hard legal gate under Regulation 2019/1020 — no EU AR means the product cannot lawfully enter the EU/Denmark market, regardless of CE marking status. Sikkerhedsstyrelsen actively enforces this requirement. | Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority)2026-06-15 · reference |
| AFIR — Public EV Charging: Ad-hoc Payment, Interoperability and Technical Specifications — Denmark | China has no direct regulatory equivalent to AFIR's functional public-charging requirements. The closest standards are GB/T 34658 (interoperability requirements) and NB/T 33025 (communication protocols for EV charging), plus GB/T 27930 (DC charging communication). Chinese public chargers are increasingly connected via operator platforms (e.g., State Grid, Southern Grid, TELD), but AFIR-equivalent ad-hoc payment, data-access, smart recharging and EU connector requirements are not mandated by Chinese regulation.GB/T 34658-2017 (EV conductive charging interoperability requirements) NB/T 33025-2016 (EV DC charging communication protocol — EVSE side) GB/T 27930-2015 (communication protocol between off-board charger and BMS) |
Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 (AFIR) mandates functional requirements for publicly accessible EV recharging points in all EU member states including Denmark. AFIR-confirmed requirements include: (1) ad-hoc charging without a subscription or contract, with the payment instruments required by AFIR for relevant publicly accessible recharging points; (2) transparent price information before a charging session starts; (3) digital connectivity, smart recharging capability, static data and dynamic data obligations for publicly accessible infrastructure; (4) AFIR Annex II technical specifications for publicly accessible recharging points, including Type 2 for normal-power AC recharging points and Combo 2 for high-power DC recharging points; and (5) TEN-T deployment targets for recharging pools. Denmark is already an advanced EV charging market and was largely compliant with many AFIR requirements before AFIR entered into force.Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 (AFIR) — full text AFIR Annex II (technical specifications for publicly accessible recharging points) |
Significant functional gap for public charging deployments in Denmark: (1) ad-hoc payment functionality may need to be added for EU public deployments; (2) digital connectivity, smart recharging, data-access and roaming/data exchange obligations may differ from proprietary Chinese operator platforms; (3) AFIR Annex II connector specifications differ from Chinese GB/T connector practice; (4) Denmark's advanced smart-charging ecosystem and DSO demand-response integration may impose additional requirements beyond the AFIR baseline, such as OCPP 2.0.1 support, ISO 15118 Plug & Charge capability, and V2G readiness for certain deployment contexts. These AFIR requirements apply primarily to charge point operators (CPOs), but hardware and software capability must be available at installation.[INFORMATIONAL] AFIR introduces functional requirements for publicly accessible charging points in Denmark, including ad-hoc payment, price transparency, digital connectivity, smart recharging, data obligations and Annex II connector specifications. Danish market expectations may exceed the AFIR baseline, including OCPP 2.0.1, ISO 15118, and V2G readiness. Chinese charger hardware intended for Denmark public deployment must be verified for AFIR compliance and Danish operator requirements before installation. | Forsyningstilsynet (Danish Utility Regulator)2026-06-15 · reference |
| OCPP, EMC, Radio Modules, and Power Quality — Denmark | China DC fast chargers commonly use GB/T 27930-2023 CAN communication between the off-board charger and vehicle BMS. This is not OCPP back-office communication and is not the CCS2 communication direction. China-market chargers may also include China-specific payment, SIM, cloud, and operator integrations that need reconfiguration for Danish operators, roaming, language, currency, and data interfaces. Chinese chargers typically do not support OCPP 2.0.1 or ISO 15118 Plug & Charge out of the box for EU deployment.GB/T 27930-2023 GB/T 18487.1-2023 China operator-specific back-office protocols China radio module approvals where applicable |
Networked EV chargers in Denmark should be specified for OCPP back-office interoperability where a charge-point operator, fleet operator, public-sector project, or DSO-linked programme requires remote monitoring, billing, diagnostics, or load management. Denmark has one of Europe's most advanced smart-charging ecosystems, and OCPP 2.0.1 is the preferred version for new deployments. Electrical and electronic emissions and immunity evidence should align with IEC 61000 EMC and power-quality standards and support CE marking under EMC Directive 2014/30/EU. Cellular, Wi-Fi, RFID, payment, or smart-metering modules may trigger additional requirements under RED 2014/53/EU. Denmark's DSOs increasingly require smart-charging profiles and demand-response capability for commercial and public charging installations.OCPP 2.0.1 — Open Charge Point Protocol for networked EV chargers (preferred version for new Denmark deployments) IEC 61000 series — electromagnetic compatibility and power quality IEC 61851-24 — digital communication between DC EV charging station and EV EMC Directive 2014/30/EU — mandatory CE marking for EMC compliance RED 2014/53/EU — applicable where wireless modules are incorporated Forsyningstilsynet and DSO requirements for smart-charging and demand-response capability |
Exporters must confirm the OCPP version (2.0.1 preferred in Denmark), charge-point-management-system integration, remote diagnostics, load management, smart-charging profiles for DSO demand-response, payment or RFID flow, SIM or communications module CE marking and radio-type approval (RED 2014/53/EU), and IEC 61000 EMC reports for the final Denmark configuration. For DC CCS2 products, GB/T 27930 must not be presented as the relevant communication evidence — the correct protocol stack is ISO 15118 / DIN 70121 (PLC) for CCS2 vehicle-charger communication. Harmonic current and immunity data should be reviewed against the specific DSO supply point constraints in Denmark. Danish-language operator interfaces and documentation may be expected.[INFORMATIONAL] Denmark networked chargers should be validated for OCPP 2.0.1 integration, IEC 61000 EMC and power quality, CE marking under EMC Directive 2014/30/EU, RED compliance for wireless modules, and DSO smart-charging and demand-response requirements. GB/T 27930 alone does not satisfy OCPP, CCS2 communication, or back-office interoperability needs. Verify current Forsyningstilsynet and DSO smart-charging requirements directly before Denmark deployment. | Forsyningstilsynet (Danish Utility Regulator)2026-06-15 · reference |
| Low Voltage Safety — EV Charging Equipment (General) — Denmark | China commonly references GB/T 18487.1-2015 (Electric vehicle conductive charging system — General requirements), which is technically aligned with IEC 61851-1 but incorporates national deviations. It is enforced under the GB framework administered by SAMR/SAC. GB/T 18487.1 testing and certification by a Chinese CNAS-accredited lab is NOT recognised as equivalent to EN IEC 61851-1 testing under the EU LVD conformity assessment pathway.GB/T 18487.1-2015 — Electric vehicle conductive charging system — General requirements (SAMR/SAC) | EV charging equipment placed on the EU/Denmark market must comply with the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU, ensuring it is designed and manufactured to be safe when correctly installed and maintained. Equipment must meet the Essential Safety Requirements (Annex I) covering protection against electric shock, insulation, overcurrent/overtemperature protection, and clearances. Harmonised standard EN IEC 61851-1:2019 (Mode 1–4 conductive charging, AC and DC, general requirements) provides a presumption of conformity. In Denmark, Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (sik.dk) is the market surveillance authority enforcing LVD and other product safety directives for EV charging equipment.Directive 2014/35/EU (Low Voltage Directive) EN IEC 61851-1:2019 — Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 1: General requirements Sikkerhedsstyrelsen market surveillance (sik.dk) |
Exporters should build an EU conformity file against the LVD essential safety requirements and may use EN IEC 61851-1:2019 testing as evidence for presumption of conformity. Existing Chinese GB/T 18487.1 test reports do not automatically substitute because scope, deviations, connector assumptions, and documentation differ. A Notified Body is not mandatory for LVD; manufacturer self-declaration with a Technical File is the normal route. Documentation gap: EU Declaration of Conformity, CE marking, and EU/Danish-language technical instructions are all required. The technical file should reflect the 230/400 V 50 Hz Denmark configuration.[INFORMATIONAL] CE marking under LVD 2014/35/EU is mandatory for EU/Denmark market access. EN IEC 61851-1:2019 is a voluntary harmonised standard that can grant presumption of conformity for general EV conductive charging; it is not the legal obligation itself. Chinese GB/T 18487.1 certification does not by itself satisfy the EU conformity assessment pathway; EU evidence against the LVD requirements is needed. Danish-language instructions are required for Denmark installations. | Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority)2026-06-15 · reference |
| DC Charging Station Safety — EV Conductive Charging — Denmark | China's DC charging station domestic equivalent is GB/T 18487.3-2001 (AC/DC electric vehicle charging station — the only published Part 3 of the 18487 series; note: a GB/T 18487.3-2015 does not exist). The current DC system standard is GB/T 18487.5-2024 (DC charging system for GB/T 20234.3 connector). The DC coupler standard is GB/T 20234.3-2023 (supports up to 1500 V / 800 A). CQC or CNAS certification to these Chinese standards is not accepted under the EU LVD CE marking pathway.GB/T 18487.3-2001 — Electric vehicle conductive charging system — AC/DC electric vehicle charging station (only published edition; no 2015 revision exists) GB/T 18487.5-2024 — Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 5: DC charging system for GB/T 20234.3 (current DC system standard) GB/T 20234.3-2023 — Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles — Part 3: DC charging coupler (supersedes 2015 edition) |
DC charging stations (Mode 4, off-board chargers) placed on the EU/Denmark market must comply with the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU where within scope. EN IEC 61851-23:2023 (Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 23: DC EV charging station) is a current product standard that may be used as technical evidence and, where cited as harmonised, gives presumption of conformity; it is not itself the mandatory legal obligation. Key technical topics include isolation monitoring, interlock systems, control pilot functions, maximum voltage/current ratings, and communication protocols for DC supply. In Denmark, DC fast chargers must be equipped with CCS Combo 2 connectors (see connector fragment) and support ISO 15118 / DIN 70121 PLC communication for EU compliance.EN IEC 61851-23:2023 — Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 23: DC EV charging station (current edition, supersedes 2014) Directive 2014/35/EU (Low Voltage Directive) ISO 15118 — Vehicle to grid communication interface (Plug & Charge protocol stack) DIN 70121 — Digital communication between a DC EV charging station and an EV |
DC charging stations exported to Denmark should be assessed against the LVD essential safety requirements and may use EN IEC 61851-23:2023 testing as presumption-of-conformity evidence where applicable. Particular attention is needed for: (1) CCS2 (Combined Charging System Type 2) connector compliance vs. Chinese GB/T connector — a hardware redesign requirement; (2) ISO 15118 / DIN 70121 PLC communication protocol support for CCS2 vehicle communication; (3) isolation monitoring requirements per European grid topology; (4) Denmark's 230/400 V supply voltage vs. China's 220/380 V in DC station input specifications; (5) Danish-language safety labels and instructions required for Denmark installations.[INFORMATIONAL] DC charging stations require CE marking under the applicable EU legislation including LVD where in scope. EN IEC 61851-23:2023 is a voluntary product standard used as technical evidence or presumption-of-conformity support where harmonised; it is not mandatory in itself. Chinese GB/T 18487.3 certification is not accepted as an EU conformity assessment substitute. A significant hardware gap exists where Chinese DC stations use GB/T connectors incompatible with EU CCS2 practice, and ISO 15118 / DIN 70121 PLC communication support is required for CCS2 vehicle-charger interaction. Denmark-specific 230/400 V voltage and Danish-language documentation must be addressed. | Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority)2026-06-15 · reference |
| Electrical Installation Safety — EV Charging in Buildings (IEC 60364-7-722 / DS/HD 60364-7-722) — Denmark | China addresses EV charging installation primarily through GB 50966-2014 (Code for design of electric vehicle charging station) and GB/T 51313-2018 (Technical standard for electric vehicle charging infrastructure), administered by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (MOHURD). These cover site design and installation but differ from IEC 60364-7-722 / DS/HD 60364-7-722 in RCD type requirements, earthing system assumptions (TN-S vs. Chinese practice), and load management protocols. Chinese installation documentation is not accepted as evidence of compliance with Danish installation standards.GB 50966-2014 — Code for design of electric vehicle charging station (MOHURD) (confirmed to exist; enforced by MOHURD/MIIT) GB/T 51313-2018 — Technical standard for electric vehicle charging infrastructure (confirmed to exist; enforced by MOHURD/MIIT) |
EU member-state electrical installation law and grid/installer rules govern the building-side circuits supplying EV charging points. IEC 60364-7-722 / HD 60364-7-722 provide the commonly adopted technical installation route covering protective measures (RCD type B or A+DC detection), wiring, earthing, and load management. These standards apply to the building-side installation infrastructure, not the charger product itself. In Denmark, DS/HD 60364-7-722:2018 is the adopted standard. Exported EV chargers should be compatible with these installation requirements so they can be accepted by Danish electricians, DSOs, and permitting authorities.IEC 60364-7-722:2018 — Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 7-722: Requirements for special installations or locations — Supply of electric vehicles DS/HD 60364-7-722:2018 — Danish national adoption of HD 60364-7-722 (CENELEC harmonised document) Danish electrical installation regulations and DSO grid-connection rules |
DS/HD 60364-7-722:2018 is Denmark's adopted installation standard — it governs fixed wiring and protection devices at the building side, not the charger product itself. However, exported EV chargers should declare compatibility with Type B RCDs or incorporate internal DC fault protection to allow Type A RCDs under Danish installation practice. A charger that requires installation conditions not achievable under Danish electrical codes will fail field acceptance by Danish licensed electricians. Chinese charger datasheets often omit compatibility statements expected by Danish installers and DSOs. Danish-language installation instructions are expected for products installed in Denmark.[INFORMATIONAL] DS/HD 60364-7-722:2018 governs building-side installation practice in Denmark. EV chargers exported to Denmark should be compatible with the RCD and earthing requirements expected by Danish installers and DSOs. This is distinct from product-level CE marking under LVD, but non-compatibility can block field installation. Chinese installation standards (GB 50966 / GB/T 51313) are not substitutes. Provide Danish-language installation instructions for Denmark deployments. | Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority)2026-06-15 · reference |
E-E-A-T
Named editorial review
Pending named reviewer
Official regulator, standards body, notified body, customs, or primary legal source preferred. Local PDFs are not accepted.
Editorial controlsRows must include publisher, official URL, access date, verification flag, and last_verified before human_reviewed can be true.
SOURCES
Official-source register.
- Danish Standards (DS) · accessed 2026-06-15 · reference · used in 2 rows
- Forsyningstilsynet (Danish Utility Regulator) · accessed 2026-06-15 · reference · used in 3 rows
- Energinet (Danish Transmission System Operator) · accessed 2026-06-15 · reference · used in 1 rows
- Sikkerhedsstyrelsen (Danish Safety Technology Authority) · accessed 2026-06-15 · reference · used in 6 rows