CROSS-STANDARD public interest · Perovskite / tandem PV module

China-to-EU Perovskite PV Module Compliance Gap Matrix

AI-compiled from official public sources — cross-checked by multiple AI models, not human-verified. Informational only; see disclaimer. Public-interest, source-linked comparison of common China perovskite and tandem PV module documentation against EU CE, IEC module qualification, safety, environmental, and lead-restriction expectations.

Dataset 2026-06-11 Last verified 2026-06-11 6 rows

GAP MATRIX

Compliance Gap Matrix

Gap matrix
Compliance item Common China baseline European Union (CE) Gap / action Source + verification date
CE Marking, RoHS/WEEE Compliance, Economic Operator Registration, and Net-Zero Industry Act Resilience Criteria for Perovskite PV Modules (China to EU) No direct equivalent. China does not require CE marking or a CE-aligned conformity assessment for PV modules manufactured for export. For the domestic market, PV modules may be subject to China Compulsory Certification (CCC) only if they fall within mandatory CCC product categories — general crystalline silicon modules are not currently in the CCC mandatory catalogue; perovskite modules are not listed. Quality and performance standards include GB/T 9535 (crystalline silicon terrestrial PV modules) and GB/T 29848 (thin-film PV modules), but these are primarily voluntary/reference standards for domestic trade and do not confer EU market access. No Chinese domestic equivalent exists for WEEE producer registration, EU authorised representative appointment, or NZIA resilience certification.CCC — Compulsory Product Certification; PV modules not currently in mandatory catalogue
GB/T 9535-2006 (crystalline silicon terrestrial PV modules — design qualification and type approval)
GB/T 29848-2018 (thin-film PV modules — design qualification and type approval)
GB/T 6829 / GB/T 17626 series (EMC, based on IEC 61000 — voluntary domestic reference)		 Perovskite photovoltaic modules placed on the EU market must satisfy a layered compliance package. (1) CE marking and product-safety conformity assessment: LVD (2014/35/EU) and EMC Directive (2014/30/EU) apply where the module or its integrated electronics fall within those directives' scope; standalone PV modules without integrated active electronics may fall outside LVD/EMC scope but manufacturers should verify applicability. EN IEC 61730-1/-2 and EN IEC 61215-1/-1-1/-2 are voluntary harmonised/international standards commonly used to demonstrate conformity and performance; alternatives are allowed if they demonstrate the applicable legal requirements. (2) RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU, recast): PV panels intended for permanent professional installation are EXPLICITLY EXCLUDED from RoHS scope under Article 2(4)(h) — the 0.1% Pb MCV does not apply to PV modules and no Annex III exemption is required. The relevant lead-related obligations for perovskite modules are instead REACH Article 33 SVHC notification (if a listed SVHC exceeds 0.1% w/w in the article) and WEEE end-of-life management. (3) WEEE Directive (2012/19/EU): PV panels are explicitly in scope under Category 4 (large equipment) since the WEEE recast; producers must register with national WEEE registers in each EU member state of sale. (4) Economic operator: Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 requires an identifiable responsible economic operator established in the EU (manufacturer, importer, or authorised representative) whose details appear on the product or accompanying documentation and who holds the technical file. The EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) and technical documentation file must be prepared and retained for 10 years. (5) EU Net-Zero Industry Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1735, NZIA): Article 26 and the implementing acts adopted on 18 June 2025 establish resilience criteria for solar PV in renewable energy auctions and public procurement. Member States must apply resilience non-price criteria to at least 30% of annual auction volumes (or 6 GW/year per country) from 30 December 2025. The resilience criterion requires diversification of supply sources where EU dependency on a single country (e.g., China) exceeds 50%. This is NOT a market-access gate but affects eligibility for public-procurement tenders and government-backed renewable energy auctions. Manufacturers should monitor EUR-Lex for further delegated acts under NZIA.Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD) — applicability to be verified per module configuration
Directive 2014/30/EU (EMC Directive) — applicability to be verified per module configuration
EN IEC 61730-1:2018 + A11:2020 (PV module safety qualification — requirements for construction)
EN IEC 61730-2:2018 + A11:2020 (PV module safety qualification — requirements for testing)
EN IEC 61215-1:2021 / -1-1:2021 / -2:2021 (terrestrial PV modules — design qualification and type approval)
Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS recast) — Article 2(4)(h): PV panels explicitly excluded from scope; REACH Article 33 SVHC notification applies instead for lead compounds
Directive 2012/19/EU (WEEE Directive) — Annex I Category 4; Art. 16–17 (producer registration)
Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 — Art. 4 (responsible economic operator), Art. 5 (authorised representative)
Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 (Net-Zero Industry Act, NZIA) — Art. 26 resilience criteria for solar PV; implementing act adopted 18 June 2025, applicable from 30 December 2025 (30% of annual auction volumes per Member State); not a market-access gate		 Chinese perovskite PV module manufacturers face a substantial gap across four areas: (A) CE marking — must demonstrate conformity with applicable EU legal requirements; EN IEC 61730 and EN IEC 61215 testing is a voluntary harmonised/international route that can provide presumption of conformity or technical evidence, while equivalent alternatives may be used where accepted; LVD/EMC applicability must be confirmed; (B) REACH SVHC — PV modules are excluded from RoHS (Article 2(4)(h)); the relevant lead obligation is REACH Article 33 SVHC notification if a listed SVHC in the finished article exceeds 0.1% w/w — check current ECHA Candidate List entries for lead and related compounds; (C) WEEE — producers must register in each EU member state of sale; no Chinese domestic process generates this registration; (D) Economic operator package — EU responsible economic operator must be in place; EU DoC and technical file must be compiled from scratch. NZIA resilience criteria are not a hard market-access barrier as of mid-2026 but may become relevant for public-procurement bids in EU member states.Gap identified. Perovskite PV modules from China require a full EU compliance package: CE conformity assessment where applicable, EU DoC, technical file, WEEE producer registration per member state, and an EU responsible economic operator under Regulation 2019/1020. EN IEC 61730 safety testing and EN IEC 61215 performance testing are voluntary harmonised/international routes to demonstrate conformity and performance, not mandatory legal texts themselves. PV modules are excluded from RoHS (Article 2(4)(h)); lead-halide perovskite formulations instead require a REACH Article 33 SVHC notification review if a listed SVHC exceeds 0.1% w/w in the finished article. NZIA resilience criteria are not a hard general market-access requirement but should be monitored. This is an informational summary only and does not constitute legal or regulatory advice. EUR-Lex / European Parliament and of the Council2026-06-12 · unverified
PV Module Type-Approval — Performance and Extended-Stress Reliability (IEC 61215 + IEC TS 63209) GB/T 37409-2019 is the principal Chinese national standard for PV module type-approval testing, closely aligned with IEC 61215 in test sequence and pass/fail criteria. Chinese certification (CQC, CGC) against GB/T 37409 is required for domestic grid-connection approval under the National Energy Administration framework. However, GB/T 37409 does not yet incorporate the extended-stress test sequences of IEC TS 63209 that are specifically intended to expose accelerated degradation in novel chemistries such as perovskite. Chinese manufacturers typically test to IEC 61215 directly for export certification rather than relying solely on GB/T 37409.GB/T 37409-2019 (Terrestrial photovoltaic modules — Design qualification and type approval) EU market access for PV modules (including perovskite and perovskite-silicon tandem) depends on meeting the applicable EU legal framework, such as the Low Voltage Directive (2014/35/EU) where in scope and, where applicable, the CPR (305/2011/EU) for building-integrated applications. IEC 61215-1/-2 (design qualification and type approval) and IEC 61215-1-1 or another technology-specific part are voluntary technical routes commonly used to demonstrate electrical, mechanical, thermal, and performance evidence; alternatives may be used if they support the applicable legal requirements and claims. Power and energy rating commonly follows IEC 61853-1/-2/-3/-4. For emerging chemistries such as perovskite, extended-stress reliability testing under IEC TS 63209-1 (module-level) and IEC TS 63209-2:2022 (polymeric component materials) is increasingly requested by financiers, insurers, and certification bodies to evidence long-term degradation behaviour under heat, UV, and moisture. CE marking for PV modules is not mandated by a single PV-specific EU directive. As of mid-2026, no adopted Ecodesign Regulation (ESPR implementing measure) specifically for PV modules is in force; the EU ESPR Working Plan (adopted April 2025) includes PV modules as a future product group, and the JRC published carbon-footprint methodology guidance in July 2025, but no implementing regulation has been enacted.IEC 61215-1:2021 (PV modules — Design qualification and type approval — Part 1: Test requirements)
IEC 61215-2:2021 (PV modules — Part 2: Test procedures)
IEC 61853-1:2011 / IEC 61853-2:2016 / IEC 61853-3:2018 / IEC 61853-4:2018 (PV module power and energy rating)
IEC TS 63209-1:2021 (Extended-stress testing — Part 1: Modules)
IEC TS 63209-2:2022 (Extended-stress testing — Part 2: Polymeric component materials)
Directive 2014/35/EU (Low Voltage Directive — applicable to PV modules)
Regulation (EU) 305/2011 (Construction Products Regulation — BIPV scope; verify applicability per installation type)
EU Solar Energy Strategy COM(2022) 221 (policy communication, not directly binding regulation)		 The critical gap for perovskite PV modules is long-term reliability evidence. IEC 61215 type-approval was designed around mature crystalline silicon and thin-film chemistries; its standard damp-heat (1000 h, 85 °C/85% RH), UV (15 kWh/m²), and thermal-cycling (200 cycles) sequences were not calibrated to expose the accelerated ion migration, moisture ingress, and phase degradation mechanisms that are characteristic of perovskite absorbers. IEC TS 63209 extends these stresses (e.g., 2000 h damp-heat, extended UV, combined UV+damp-heat) to better discriminate long-term field degradation, but it is a Technical Specification (not a full IEC Standard) and test laboratories differ in how they apply it. EU project financiers, grid operators, and independent engineers (IEs) may demand IEC TS 63209 data before bankability sign-off for perovskite modules; CN domestic certification does not yet require this. The result is that a perovskite module passing GB/T 37409 and even IEC 61215 may lack the field-lifetime evidence required by EU off-takers, insurers, and lenders. No CN standard currently addresses perovskite-specific degradation modes. Additionally, no Ecodesign/Energy-label implementing regulation for PV modules is in force as of mid-2026; the EU ESPR Working Plan (April 2025) includes PV modules as a future priority product group. Monitor EU regulatory calendar for the forthcoming implementing measure.Attention required. Perovskite PV modules need evidence supporting applicable EU legal conformity and performance claims. IEC 61215 type-approval through accredited CB test labs is a common voluntary evidence route, and IEC TS 63209 extended-stress data may be commercially critical for EU bankability because it addresses heat, UV, and moisture degradation modes specific to perovskite absorbers. Passing IEC 61215 alone may be insufficient for EU project finance and insurance acceptance. GB/T 37409 certification covers domestic CN grid-connection but does not substitute for EU-facing technical documentation or IEC TS 63209 reliability evidence where demanded by the market. No Ecodesign/Energy-label implementing regulation for PV modules is in force as of mid-2026; monitor EU regulatory calendar for the forthcoming ESPR implementing measure. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) — IEC 61215-1:2021 catalog page2026-06-12 · unverified
WEEE Producer Registration — PV Modules (Directive 2012/19/EU) China has no export-side obligation equivalent to EU WEEE producer registration. Domestically, the 'Regulations on the Administration of the Recovery and Disposal of Waste Electrical and Electronic Products' (废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例, State Council Order No. 551, 2009, amended 2019) impose collection-fund contributions and disposal obligations on domestic sellers and manufacturers, but these apply to products sold within China and do not create any corresponding registration duty for goods exported to the EU. Chinese PV module manufacturers exporting to Europe are therefore entirely unregistered on the CN side with respect to EU WEEE obligations.废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例 (State Council Order No. 551, 2009, amended 2019) — domestic scope only Directive 2012/19/EU (WEEE Directive, recast) explicitly includes photovoltaic panels in its scope. Under the open-scope regime effective 15 August 2018, PV panels fall under Annex III Category 4 (Large Equipment, any external dimension >50 cm); sub-category 4b (Photovoltaic panels) was formalised in Commission Implementing Decision 2019/2193. There is no 'Category 11' in the WEEE Directive — Category 11 is a category in RoHS Annex I (Other EEE), not WEEE. Producers — defined to include importers placing PV panels on the EU market under their own brand or as the first importer — must register in each EU Member State where they sell, finance end-of-life collection and treatment, and mark products with the crossed-out wheeled bin symbol. Member States have transposed the directive into national law with varying registration procedures, fees, and reporting obligations (e.g., Germany: ElektroG / EAR register; France: eco-organization scheme; Netherlands: Wecycle). A non-EU manufacturer must appoint a local Authorised Representative in each Member State to fulfil these obligations. Perovskite modules are in scope identically to crystalline silicon panels; no chemistry-specific exemption exists.Directive 2012/19/EU (WEEE Directive, recast) — Annex III Category 4 (sub-category 4b: Photovoltaic panels, per Commission Implementing Decision 2019/2193)
Article 17 (Authorised representatives for non-EU producers)
Annex IX (crossed-out wheeled bin marking)		 WEEE producer registration is a concrete per-country administrative prerequisite with no Chinese analogue. For perovskite modules there is an additional concern: lead (Pb) is present in many perovskite absorber formulations (e.g., methylammonium lead iodide, MAPbI3). The presence of a regulated hazardous substance (lead) in the module raises the urgency of proper WEEE registration and end-of-life management, since uncontrolled disposal could result in lead leaching — a risk that regulators, NGOs, and EU member-state environmental agencies may scrutinise more closely than for standard silicon modules. This does not alter the registration procedure but it strengthens the compliance and reputational case for robust WEEE compliance. Additionally, perovskite modules are not yet subject to a chemistry-specific WEEE collection target, but the standard PV panel obligations apply in full. Chinese manufacturers frequently lack this registration; the per-country fragmentation and cost (authorised representative fees, eco-contribution levies) are the most common barriers.Attention required. Per-member-state WEEE registration (or appointment of an authorised representative) is a mandatory administrative prerequisite with no Chinese equivalent. For lead-containing perovskite formulations, proper WEEE end-of-life compliance also carries environmental and reputational significance beyond administrative box-ticking. Chinese perovskite module exporters to the EU must budget for authorised representative appointments and eco-contribution levies in each target market before first sale. EUR-Lex / European Parliament and Council2026-06-12 · unverified
Lead (Pb) in Perovskite PV Modules — REACH SVHC Notification and WEEE End-of-Life Obligations GB/T 26572-2011 (recommended, current) sets the same six restricted substances including lead (Pb) at 0.1% w/w MCV. The new mandatory standard GB 26572-2025 (effective 2027-08-01) expands the list to ten substances but retains the same lead MCV. Neither the current nor forthcoming CN standard contains a product-category exclusion analogous to the EU RoHS Article 2(4)(h) PV exclusion, nor does either standard have an exemption mechanism comparable to RoHS II Annex III. As GB/T 26572-2011 is currently recommended (not mandatory), enforcement for domestic-market products is less stringent. SJ/T 11364 requires a China RoHS hazardous substance label on the product. China has no REACH-equivalent SVHC article-notification regime for export products.GB/T 26572-2011 (recommended, current — Pb MCV 0.1% w/w; no PV-module exclusion)
GB 26572-2025 (mandatory, effective 2027-08-01 — same Pb MCV, no exemption mechanism)
SJ/T 11364 (China RoHS hazardous substance marking label)		 Photovoltaic panels intended for permanent installation by professionals are EXPLICITLY EXCLUDED from the scope of Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS II) under Article 2(4)(h). The RoHS 0.1% w/w lead MCV does not apply to PV modules; no Annex III exemption is needed or sought for this product category. The EU lead-related compliance burden for perovskite PV modules therefore arises from two other instruments: (a) REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, Article 33: lead compounds (e.g., lead iodide, methylammonium lead iodide) that are on the SVHC Candidate List and are present in an article above 0.1% w/w impose a supply-chain notification obligation — the article supplier must inform professional recipients (and, on request, consumers) of the SVHC identity within 45 days; (b) WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU: because PV panels were brought into WEEE scope (Category 4, sub-category 4b) as the legislative counterpart to their RoHS exclusion, the presence of lead in the absorber layer increases the urgency of proper end-of-life collection and treatment to prevent environmental lead release. The CN equivalent (GB/T 26572-2011 / GB 26572-2025) restricts lead at the same 0.1% MCV, but unlike EU RoHS it does not exclude PV modules by category; however, as GB/T 26572-2011 is currently recommended (not mandatory), enforcement for domestic-market products is less stringent. No specific MIIT guidance explicitly excluding or including perovskite PV modules from GB/T 26572 scope has been confirmed as of mid-2026; the standard's general scope applies. Verify against current MIIT guidance before placing products on CN market.Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS II), Article 2(4)(h) — explicit exclusion of PV panels from RoHS scope
Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH), Article 33 — SVHC notification obligation for articles containing >0.1% w/w SVHC
Directive 2012/19/EU (WEEE), Annex III Category 4 (sub-category 4b: photovoltaic panels) — end-of-life collection and treatment
ECHA SVHC Candidate List — lead metal (CAS 7439-92-1) listed since 27 June 2018 (reproductive toxicity); 253 entries as of June 2026. Lead iodide (PbI2) not separately listed; check ECHA database for compound-specific status before first EU sale.		 RoHS does NOT apply to professionally-installed PV modules (Article 2(4)(h) exclusion) — this is not a perovskite-specific gap. The real lead-related EU compliance gaps for perovskite modules are: (1) REACH Article 33 SVHC notification: lead or lead compounds in the perovskite absorber require a current ECHA Candidate List check; if a listed SVHC is present above 0.1% w/w in the finished article, supply-chain notification to professional customers is mandatory. Chinese manufacturers have no equivalent domestic process for this obligation. (2) WEEE end-of-life: the presence of lead in the absorber increases environmental risk at end-of-life; regulators and NGOs may apply additional scrutiny to perovskite modules vs. standard silicon. Proper WEEE registration and treatment obligations (see peroveu-perf-002) become more urgent for lead-containing formulations. The CN equivalents (GB/T 26572, GB 26572-2025) impose the same 0.1% MCV without a PV exclusion, but as the current standard is recommended-only, enforcement is lower for domestic market sales; exporters to the EU face the REACH SVHC notification regime, not RoHS, as the primary lead-related obligation.RoHS does not apply to professionally-installed PV modules; the 0.1% Pb MCV is not a compliance gate for perovskite absorber modules. The primary lead-related EU obligations are: (1) REACH Article 33 SVHC notification — lead metal (CAS 7439-92-1) was added to the ECHA SVHC Candidate List on 27 June 2018 (reproductive toxicity, 253 entries as of June 2026). Lead iodide (PbI2, CAS 10101-63-0) is not separately listed on the Candidate List as of June 2026; however, lead-containing perovskite formulations (e.g., MAPbI3) contain lead as a constituent element, and suppliers should seek legal advice on whether the lead metal SVHC listing triggers Article 33 obligations for their specific article configuration. Checking the current ECHA Candidate List before first EU sale is best practice; (2) WEEE registration and end-of-life management — lead in the absorber heightens the environmental stakes of proper end-of-life compliance. Chinese manufacturers exporting to the EU should establish a REACH Article 33 notification procedure and ensure WEEE registration is in place before first sale. Informational only — not legal advice. EUR-Lex / European Parliament and Council2026-06-12 · unverified
PV Module Safety Qualification China uses GB/T 37409-2019 (equivalent to IEC 61730-1/-2) for PV module safety qualification. CQC or CGC third-party certification is common for domestic market access. No separate perovskite safety qualification standard exists under GB/T as of 2026. No official guidance from MIIT or NEA specifically addressing perovskite module enforcement scope under GB/T 37409-2019 has been confirmed as of mid-2026; the standard's general scope applies by default.GB/T 37409-2019 (photovoltaic module safety qualification, equivalent to IEC 61730) For PV modules within the Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) scope, the mandatory obligation is conformity with the LVD safety objectives and CE conformity-assessment duties. EN IEC 61730-1 (construction requirements) and EN IEC 61730-2 (testing requirements) are voluntary harmonised standards commonly used for PV module safety qualification and to support presumption of conformity. Safety classes (SC I, SC II) and application classes (A, B, C) should be declared when using that framework. Perovskite and tandem modules can use the same framework; no dedicated perovskite sub-standard yet exists within IEC 61730 as of 2026.EN IEC 61730-1:2018+A11:2020 (PV module safety qualification Part 1: requirements for construction)
EN IEC 61730-2:2018+A11:2020 (PV module safety qualification Part 2: requirements for testing)
EU Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU
CE marking Regulation (EC) No 765/2008		 Perovskite and tandem PV modules present novel safety risks not fully covered by IEC 61730: potential lead or other heavy-metal leakage, faster moisture ingress, and encapsulant compatibility issues. CE marking requires conformity with the applicable EU legal requirements; EN IEC 61730 is a voluntary harmonised route that can confer presumption of conformity for covered safety objectives, but equivalent technical solutions may be used. No perovskite-specific safety addendum has been harmonised under the LVD as of mid-2026, and no perovskite-specific harmonised draft standard under CEN/CENELEC has been confirmed as published or in formal ballot as of mid-2026. Exporters should engage a conformity-assessment body or competent test laboratory early.Informational only. EU market access for in-scope perovskite/tandem PV modules requires CE conformity with the LVD safety objectives. EN IEC 61730-1/-2 is a voluntary harmonised route to demonstrate conformity and obtain presumption of conformity for covered risks; equivalent technical evidence may be acceptable. No dedicated perovskite safety harmonised standard exists as of 2026. Engage a conformity-assessment body or competent test laboratory for pre-assessment. EUR-Lex / European Parliament and Council2026-06-12 · unverified
PV Module Design Qualification and Type Approval China has updated GB/T 9535 to a multi-part series — GB/T 9535.1-2025 (test requirements) and GB/T 9535.2-2025 (test procedures), both published 2025-10-05 and effective 2026-05-01, superseding GB/T 9535-1998. GB/T 9535.101-2025 covers crystalline silicon-specific requirements. This updated series is structurally aligned with IEC 61215-1/-2 (2021 editions) in its multi-part format. A direct perovskite or tandem PV design qualification standard equivalent to EN IEC 61215 has not been established under GB/T as of 2026. Domestic manufacturers targeting EU export commonly test to EN IEC 61215 for technical evidence and customer acceptance; Chinese GB/T certification alone is unlikely to be sufficient for EU CE technical documentation or market acceptance.GB/T 9535.1-2025 / GB/T 9535.2-2025 / GB/T 9535.101-2025 (terrestrial PV modules — design qualification and type approval, multi-part series, published 2025-10-05, effective 2026-05-01, supersedes GB/T 9535-1998; structurally aligned with IEC 61215-1/-2:2021) PV module design qualification and type approval can be demonstrated using EN IEC 61215-1 (requirements) and EN IEC 61215-2 (test procedures), but those standards are voluntary conformity tools rather than mandatory EU law. Where CE legislation applies, the legal obligation is conformity with the relevant directive or regulation; EN IEC 61215 evidence is commonly used for technical documentation, customer acceptance, and performance claims. For perovskite and tandem modules, the standard damp-heat (1000 h at 85 C/85% RH), thermal cycling (200 cycles), UV preconditioning, and humidity-freeze tests pose significant challenges due to inherent perovskite instability. IEC TS 63209 (extended stress testing) is additionally relevant as a guide for more demanding reliability evaluation of emerging PV technologies including perovskite.EN IEC 61215-1:2021 (terrestrial PV modules - design qualification and type approval Part 1: test requirements)
EN IEC 61215-2:2021 (terrestrial PV modules - design qualification and type approval Part 2: test procedures)
IEC TS 63209-1:2021 (extended stress testing for PV modules Part 1: system)
IEC TS 63209-2:2022 (extended stress testing for PV modules Part 2: polymeric component materials)		 Perovskite and tandem PV modules face a significant type-approval evidence gap: the standard IEC 61215 test sequences (damp-heat 1000 h, 200 thermal cycles, UV) were designed for mature crystalline silicon technology. Perovskite degradation under these conditions can be rapid, making pass/fail outcomes uncertain. IEC TS 63209 provides extended stress sequences but is a technical specification, not a harmonised standard for CE purposes and not a mandatory legal requirement. No dedicated perovskite or tandem design qualification standard is harmonised under the EU CPR or LVD as of mid-2026; no specific perovskite harmonised draft has been published by CEN/CENELEC as of this date. China's updated GB/T 9535 series (effective 2026-05-01) mirrors the IEC 61215-1/-2:2021 structure but still does not cover perovskite-specific degradation modes, leaving an export evidence burden for EU-facing technical files, customers, lenders, and insurers. No IEC TC82 perovskite working group publication timeline has been confirmed as of mid-2026.Informational only. Perovskite and tandem PV modules exported to the EU need evidence supporting conformity with applicable EU legal requirements and performance claims. EN IEC 61215-1/-2 design qualification is a common voluntary route for that evidence; IEC TS 63209 extended stress tests are advisory but may be demanded by customers, financiers, and insurers for bankability. No dedicated harmonised perovskite standard exists as of 2026. Chinese GB/T 9535 certification alone may not satisfy EU technical-file expectations or market acceptance. Exporters should conduct pre-qualification testing and engage competent EU conformity-assessment or test bodies early. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)2026-06-12 · unverified

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