CROSS-STANDARD public interest · GaN fast charger / power adapter

China-to-EU GaN Fast Charger Compliance Gap Matrix

AI-compiled from official public sources — cross-checked by multiple AI models, not human-verified. Informational only; see disclaimer. Public-interest, source-linked comparison of common China GaN fast charger documentation against EU CE, LVD, EMC, ecodesign, RoHS, and USB-C interoperability expectations.

Dataset 2026-06-11 Last verified 2026-06-11 7 rows

GAP MATRIX

Compliance Gap Matrix

Gap matrix
Compliance item Common China baseline European Union (CE) Gap / action Source + verification date
Ecodesign Energy Efficiency — External Power Supplies (EPS) Active-Mode Efficiency & No-Load Power GB 20943-2013 (Minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for single-phase single-output external power supplies) is the current mandatory Chinese energy efficiency standard for EPS. It defines energy efficiency grades (Grade 1 being most efficient) and minimum active-mode efficiency formulas tied to output power. No-load power limits are also prescribed. While GB 20943-2013 covers similar physics to EU 2019/1782, the specific efficiency thresholds, grading tiers, and test procedures differ. Products meeting GB 20943-2013 Grade 1 may still fall short of EU Tier 2 requirements, and the EU label format is not required under GB 20943-2013. Note: GB 20943-2025 was published 24 January 2025 with mandatory enforcement from 1 February 2027 — it expands scope (includes internal power supplies) and raises efficiency thresholds.GB 20943-2013 (current mandatory; minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for single-phase single-output external power supplies)
GB 20943-2025 (published 24 January 2025; mandatory enforcement from 1 February 2027 — expanded scope including internal supplies, raised efficiency thresholds)		 Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 sets mandatory minimum active-mode average efficiency levels and maximum no-load power consumption for external power supplies placed on the EU market. EPS must bear an efficiency label and comply with Tier 2 requirements (applicable from 1 April 2020). Manufacturers must provide a technical file and declaration of conformity. GaN chargers sold as EPS are in scope if they meet the product definition (dedicated single-voltage output, ≤250 W). Note: Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 is repealed by Regulation (EU) 2025/2052 (adopted 13 October 2025), which applies from 14 December 2028. The successor regulation expands scope to include wireless chargers and universal portable battery chargers, and mandates USB-C or USB-PD on all EPS. Products placed on market between 14 December 2025 and 14 December 2028 that comply with Regulation (EU) 2025/2052 are deemed compliant with 2019/1782. Manufacturers should monitor transition requirements from 14 December 2025 onward.Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 (Ecodesign for External Power Supplies — in force until 14 December 2028)
Regulation (EU) 2025/2052 (successor — applies from 14 December 2028; mandates USB-C/USB-PD on all EPS; EUR-Lex: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/2052/oj/eng)
Directive 2009/125/EC (Ecodesign Framework)		 Key gaps: (1) Efficiency thresholds — EU Tier 2 formulas under Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 are not numerically identical to GB 20943 Grade 1; a product passing Chinese testing may not meet EU minima at every output-power test point. (2) No-load power — EU limits are set by output-power band and may be stricter than GB 20943 at certain power ranges. (3) Labelling — EU requires specific information for EPS; GB 20943 uses China Energy Label (CEL) format. (4) Documentation — EU demands a declaration of conformity and technical file showing compliance with Regulation (EU) 2019/1782; GB 20943 follows CN certification or declaration rules. (5) Test method — EU ecodesign rules specify measurement methods and may reference standards as technical methods; those methods are not interchangeable with GB 20943 annex procedures without verification. Manufacturers must verify compliance against the EU regulation using accepted EU methods regardless of GB 20943 status.[INFORMATIONAL] A GaN fast charger classified as an EPS under Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 must meet EU active-mode efficiency and no-load power limits before EU market placement. GB 20943 compliance alone is insufficient. EU-method efficiency evidence and a declaration of conformity are required. Consult an accredited lab or qualified EU compliance adviser to confirm exact numeric thresholds applicable to the product output-power range. EUR-Lex / Official Journal of the European Union2026-06-12 · unverified
Common Charger Directive — USB-C Connector & USB Power Delivery (USB-PD) Interoperability [UNVERIFIED] China does not currently have a directly equivalent mandatory common-charger interoperability directive. GB/T 38509 and related group standards address USB-C connector specifications and charging protocols, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) has issued voluntary guidance on common chargers (2022). However, as of the knowledge cutoff, China has not enacted legislation mandating USB-C / USB-PD for all portable devices or requiring charger unbundling in the same manner as EU 2022/2380. Manufacturers targeting the Chinese market should monitor MIIT updates, as regulatory alignment is under discussion.GB/T 38509 (USB Type-C connector specification, voluntary)
[UNVERIFIED] MIIT voluntary common charger guidance (2022)		 Directive (EU) 2022/2380 (amending Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU) creates the legal common-charger requirements for covered portable electronic devices sold in the EU and for separately sold charging devices: USB Type-C charging, USB Power Delivery where required, unbundling information, and interoperability obligations. The requirements apply from 28 December 2024 for most covered portable electronics and from 28 April 2026 for laptops. GaN chargers sold separately in the EU must provide the required USB-C/USB-PD functionality where in scope. EN IEC 62680-1-3 is a relevant voluntary harmonised/designated technical standard that can support presumption of conformity; the mandatory obligation comes from the Directive/RED amendment, and alternative evidence may be used if accepted under the EU conformity assessment framework.Directive (EU) 2022/2380 (amending Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU — common charger)
Directive 2014/53/EU (Radio Equipment Directive, RED)
EN IEC 62680-1-3 (USB Power Delivery specification)		 Significant regulatory gap: Directive (EU) 2022/2380 creates a hard legal obligation for USB-C + USB-PD functionality on covered chargers and devices sold in the EU from the applicable dates; China has no equivalent mandatory requirement. EN IEC 62680-1-3 is not the mandatory legal obligation itself, but a voluntary harmonised/designated technical route that can support presumption of conformity. GaN chargers designed for China with proprietary fast-charge protocols (e.g. Huawei SCP, Qualcomm QC-only without USB-PD) will not satisfy the EU legal requirement if sold in the EU without the required USB-C/USB-PD functionality. The unbundling rule is also absent in China. Exporters must add the required USB-C/USB-PD capability and document conformity under the EU legal framework.[INFORMATIONAL] GaN chargers exported from China for EU sale must meet the USB-C/USB-PD common-charger obligations where in scope under Directive (EU) 2022/2380. Proprietary-only fast-charge protocols without the required USB-PD functionality do not satisfy the EU legal requirement. EN IEC 62680-1-3 can be used as a voluntary technical route to support presumption of conformity, while CE marking under the applicable EU framework still depends on the Directive/RED obligations and the product technical file. Verify exact device-category scope and transition dates with a qualified EU legal or technical adviser. EUR-Lex / Official Journal of the European Union2026-06-12 · unverified
EMC Directive 2014/30/EU — Emissions and Immunity for GaN Fast Chargers / USB-C Adapters (Multimedia/ICT Equipment Route) China's primary EMC standards for multimedia and ICT equipment — including GaN fast chargers and USB-C adapters — are GB/T 9254.1-2021 (emissions, IDT CISPR 32:2015, recommended) and GB/T 9254.2-2021 (immunity, IDT CISPR 35:2016, recommended), which are the direct Chinese adoptions of the same CISPR base documents as EN 55032 and EN 55035. For harmonic current emissions, GB 17625.1-2022 (mandatory, IDT IEC 61000-3-2:2020) is the CN mandatory equivalent of EN IEC 61000-3-2. A key structural difference is that in China, GB/T 9254.1 and GB/T 9254.2 carry recommended (GB/T) status for most product categories, whereas mandatory EMC enforcement for consumer products is primarily achieved via China Compulsory Certification (CCC) for products in the CCC catalogue, or via SAMR market surveillance enforcement of GB 4343.1-2024 (IDT CISPR 14-1:2020, mandatory, for household appliances including power supplies; mandatory for new CCC applications from 1 Jun 2026). [UNVERIFIED: whether GaN fast chargers sold as standalone products in China fall under CCC catalogue coverage and which mandatory standard applies — GB 4343.1 (household appliances) or GB/T 9254.1 (multimedia/ICT) — depends on product classification and should be confirmed with SAMR/CNCA before regulatory submission.] For voltage fluctuation and flicker, GB 17625.2-2007 (mandatory, based on IEC 61000-3-3:2005) is the CN parallel to EN IEC 61000-3-3.GB/T 9254.1-2021 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Emission requirements (recommended; IDT CISPR 32:2015)
GB/T 9254.2-2021 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Immunity requirements (recommended; IDT CISPR 35:2016)
GB 17625.1-2022 — Limits for harmonic current emissions, input current up to 16 A per phase (mandatory; IDT IEC 61000-3-2:2020)
GB 17625.2-2007 — Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker (mandatory; based on IEC 61000-3-3:2005)
GB 4343.1-2024 — Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus — Part 1: Emission (mandatory; IDT CISPR 14-1:2020; mandatory for new CCC applications from 1 Jun 2026) [UNVERIFIED: applicability to standalone GaN chargers vs GB/T 9254.1 depends on CN product classification — confirm with SAMR/CNCA]		 GaN fast chargers and USB-C power adapters placed on the EU market as standalone power supply units or accessories to multimedia/ICT equipment are subject to the legally binding essential requirements of EMC Directive 2014/30/EU (OJ L 96, 29.3.2014): the equipment shall not generate electromagnetic disturbance exceeding levels that prevent radio and telecommunications equipment from functioning as intended, and shall have adequate immunity to electromagnetic disturbance to operate as intended. Manufacturers self-declare conformity via an EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) and affix CE marking. Harmonised EMC standards are voluntary routes to presumption of conformity. Commonly used standards for multimedia and ICT equipment include EN 55032:2015/A11:2020 (emissions), EN 55035:2017/A11:2020 (immunity), EN IEC 61000-3-2:2019/A1:2021 (harmonic current emissions) and EN IEC 61000-3-3:2013/A2:2021 (voltage fluctuations and flicker). Applying cited harmonised standards can support presumption of conformity, but alternatives are allowed if the technical file demonstrates compliance with the Directive. [UNVERIFIED: the exact OJ citation dates for these standards under 2014/30/EU should be confirmed against the current EC harmonised standards list before regulatory submission.]Directive 2014/30/EU (EMC Directive) — OJ L 96, 29.3.2014
EN 55032:2015/A11:2020 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Emission requirements (based on CISPR 32:2015; harmonised under 2014/30/EU — verify current OJ citation)
EN 55035:2017/A11:2020 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Immunity requirements (based on CISPR 35:2016; harmonised under 2014/30/EU — verify current OJ citation)
EN IEC 61000-3-2:2019/A1:2021 — Limits for harmonic current emissions (input current up to 16 A per phase; harmonised under 2014/30/EU)
EN IEC 61000-3-3:2013/A2:2021 — Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker (equipment with rated current up to 16 A per phase)		 Three gaps exist between Chinese domestic EMC compliance and EU market entry for GaN fast chargers: (1) Legal-status asymmetry — the mandatory EU obligation is conformity with EMC Directive 2014/30/EU and CE/DoC requirements; EN 55032/EN 55035 and related EN IEC standards are voluntary harmonised standards that can confer presumption of conformity. The CN equivalents GB/T 9254.1/9254.2 are recommended standards, meaning a Chinese manufacturer may hold no test report to these standards at all, relying instead on CCC certification or voluntary testing only. (2) Documentation re-issuance — even where GB/T 9254.1 test results are technically equivalent to EN 55032, an EU DoC normally cites the EN-designated technical basis or otherwise justifies an alternative route in the technical file; existing CNAS-accredited CN test reports may need re-issuance or supplementary evidence for EU use. (3) Harmonic standard edition lag — GB 17625.2-2007 is based on IEC 61000-3-3:2005 whereas the EU harmonised edition commonly used is EN IEC 61000-3-3:2013/A2:2021; methodology differences may affect flicker assessment outcomes between CN and EU reports.Chinese GaN fast charger manufacturers holding only CN domestic EMC test reports (GB/T 9254.1-2021, GB/T 9254.2-2021, or generic GB harmonic series) should not assume those reports are enough for EU CE marking. The binding EU requirement is conformity with EMC Directive 2014/30/EU, supported by an EU DoC and technical file. A dedicated EN 55032 + EN 55035 + EN IEC 61000-3-2 test campaign at an appropriately accredited laboratory is a common way to support presumption of conformity, but it is a voluntary harmonised-standard route rather than the legal obligation itself. This comparison is informational only and does not constitute legal or regulatory advice. European Parliament and Council / EUR-Lex2026-06-12 · unverified
GaN High-Frequency Switching EMI — Design Challenge and EU Compliance Implications China does not have a GaN-technology-specific EMC standard. The same GB/T 9254.1-2021 (IDT CISPR 32:2015, recommended) and GB 4343.1-2024 (mandatory, IDT CISPR 14-1:2020, for household appliance-category power supplies; mandatory for new CCC applications from 1 Jun 2026) emission limits apply to GaN chargers as to any other switched-mode power supply sold in China. The conducted emission measurement range under GB/T 9254.1-2021 is 150 kHz–30 MHz (same as CISPR 32), meaning GaN high-frequency switching harmonics fall within the same test window as in the EU. In practice, Chinese manufacturers seeking domestic CCC certification or voluntarily testing to GB/T 9254.1 face the same broadband EMI challenges from GaN switching as their EU-bound counterparts, but the CN framework lacks a mandatory harmonised-standards mechanism that universally compels CISPR 32-level testing for all product categories — enforcement depends on the certification scheme applicable to the product. [UNVERIFIED: whether mandatory GB 4343.1-2024 (CISPR 14-1:2020 base) or recommended GB/T 9254.1-2021 (CISPR 32:2015 base) applies as the primary CN EMC emission standard for a given GaN charger product depends on CN product classification — confirm with test laboratory before CN certification.]GB/T 9254.1-2021 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Emission requirements (recommended; IDT CISPR 32:2015; conducted measurement range 150 kHz–30 MHz)
GB 4343.1-2024 — Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus — Part 1: Emission (mandatory; IDT CISPR 14-1:2020; mandatory for new CCC applications from 1 Jun 2026) [UNVERIFIED: applicability to GaN chargers depends on CN product classification]
GB 17625.1-2022 — Harmonic current emissions, up to 16 A per phase (mandatory; IDT IEC 61000-3-2:2020)		 GaN (gallium nitride) transistors switch at significantly higher frequencies (typically 100 kHz to several MHz) and with steeper dV/dt and dI/dt slew rates than conventional silicon MOSFETs, inherently generating broadband conducted and radiated EMI at frequencies that extend well into the EN 55032 measurement range (conducted: 150 kHz to 30 MHz; radiated: 30 MHz to 1 GHz). The EU EMC Directive 2014/30/EU imposes the mandatory legal requirement that GaN fast chargers and USB-C adapters meet essential emission and immunity requirements regardless of switching technology. EN 55032:2015/A11:2020 and EN 55035:2017/A11:2020 are voluntary harmonised standards commonly used to demonstrate presumption of conformity for multimedia equipment. The high switching frequency of GaN devices means that harmonic content from the switching waveform can directly fall within the EN 55032 conducted emission window, making adequate PCB layout, gate drive design, shielding, common-mode choke selection, and Y-capacitor placement critical design controls. [UNVERIFIED: specific GaN switching frequency ranges and EMI spectral behaviour vary by device manufacturer, topology, and operating point — consult device datasheets and application notes for product-specific EMI characterisation before test planning.]Directive 2014/30/EU (EMC Directive) — OJ L 96, 29.3.2014
EN 55032:2015/A11:2020 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Emission requirements; Class B conducted limits: 150 kHz–500 kHz quasi-peak 66 dBuV / average 56 dBuV; 500 kHz–30 MHz quasi-peak 60 dBuV / average 50 dBuV (based on CISPR 32:2015)
EN 55035:2017/A11:2020 — Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Immunity requirements (based on CISPR 35:2016)
EN IEC 61000-3-2:2019/A1:2021 — Limits for harmonic current emissions (input current up to 16 A per phase; Class D limits apply to equipment with rated power up to 600 W with certain waveform characteristics)		 The GaN EMI gap has two dimensions: (1) Technology-driven EMI spectrum gap — GaN switching harmonics can fall within the EN 55032 Class B conducted emission measurement window. Silicon MOSFET designs previously assessed against EU EMC requirements may not be directly substitutable with GaN without updated evidence, because GaN switching can generate substantially more high-frequency content. Chinese manufacturers who qualified a silicon-MOSFET version for the EU market and then migrate to GaN should reassess the GaN variant and update the EU technical file and DoC as needed. (2) CN-to-EU framework evidence gap — a CN test report to GB/T 9254.1-2021 may be technically useful, but the EU file must demonstrate conformity with EMC Directive 2014/30/EU, commonly by citing voluntary EN harmonised standards or by justifying an alternative technical route. Reports only to GB 4343.1-2024 (CISPR 14-1:2020 base; mandatory for new CCC applications from 1 Jun 2026) may still need mapping to the EN 55032 route because methods, scope and frequency ranges differ. [UNVERIFIED: specific dBuV figures should be verified from the current standard text before test planning.]GaN charger manufacturers migrating from silicon MOSFET designs, or using GaN for the first time, should treat EU EMC evidence as needing reassessment: GaN high-frequency switching content can fall directly in the EN 55032 conducted emission window. Chinese manufacturers holding only CN domestic test reports (GB/T 9254.1, GB 4343.1-2024, or harmonic-only GB series) cannot assume those reports alone demonstrate EU compliance. The legal obligation is conformity with EMC Directive 2014/30/EU, supported by an EU DoC and technical file; EN 55032, EN 55035 and EN IEC 61000-3-2 testing is a common voluntary harmonised-standard route to presumption of conformity. This comparison is informational only and does not constitute legal or regulatory advice. European Parliament and Council / EUR-Lex2026-06-12 · unverified
Market Access — CE Marking, Common Charger, Economic Operator, WEEE/RoHS In China, chargers (including GaN fast chargers) are subject to mandatory CCC (China Compulsory Certification) under the CCC catalogue administered by CNCA/CQC. The applicable product category is Information Technology Equipment or Charging Equipment. A factory audit and product testing by a designated body are required before the CCC mark may be affixed. No separate wireless charger directive exists; radio frequency components must comply with MIIT type-approval. There is no direct Chinese equivalent of the EU common-charger mandate, WEEE producer registration scheme, or RoHS-style restriction framework with the same substance list and enforcement mechanism — China's GB/T 26572 restricts similar substances but enforcement and producer-registration obligations differ materially. [UNVERIFIED: exact CCC sub-catalogue code for GaN fast chargers; verify with CNCA before submission.]CCC (China Compulsory Certification) — CNCA administered
GB 4943.1 (IT equipment safety)
GB/T 9254 (EMC — IT equipment)
GB/T 26572 (RoHS-equivalent restricted substances)
MIIT radio type-approval — if wireless		 GaN fast chargers sold in the EU must carry CE marking demonstrating conformity with: (1) Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD) — electrical safety; (2) EMC Directive 2014/30/EU; (3) Ecodesign Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 (to be replaced by Regulation (EU) 2025/2052 from 14 December 2028) for external power supplies; (4) Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU (RED) if the charger contains wireless components; (5) Directive (EU) 2022/2380 (Common Charger) — USB-C mandatory for portable electronics chargers sold in the EU from 28 Dec 2024 (phones/tablets) and 28 Apr 2026 (laptops). An EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) and technical file must be held. Under Market Surveillance Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, a manufacturer outside the EU must appoint an EU-based economic operator (authorised representative or importer) as the single contact for authorities. WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU requires producer registration in each EU member state where chargers are placed on the market. RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU (recast) restricts ten hazardous substances; chargers must comply and bear the CE mark accordingly.Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD)
Directive 2014/30/EU (EMC)
Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 (Ecodesign — external power supplies; to be replaced by Regulation (EU) 2025/2052 from 14 December 2028)
Directive 2014/53/EU (RED) — if wireless
Directive (EU) 2022/2380 (Common Charger / Radio Equipment amendment)
Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 (Market Surveillance — economic operator)
Directive 2012/19/EU (WEEE)
Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS recast)		 Key gaps for a CN manufacturer entering the EU: (1) CE bundle — the mandatory obligations come from the LVD, EMC Directive, Ecodesign Regulation, RED (if wireless), RoHS and market-surveillance rules; EU harmonised standards are a voluntary route that gives presumption of conformity, while other technical solutions may be used if the technical file demonstrates conformity. CCC does not substitute. (2) Common charger (USB-C) — Directive (EU) 2022/2380 is an EU-specific legal mandate with no CN equivalent; CN chargers must provide the required USB-C/USB-PD functionality, commonly demonstrated by applying EN IEC 62680-1-3 or another adequately justified technical basis. (3) EU responsible person — Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 requires an EU-based economic operator; most CN exporters must appoint or engage an EU importer or authorised rep. (4) WEEE producer registration — required per-country in the EU; no equivalent CN export obligation. (5) RoHS substance list and enforcement — EU Directive 2011/65/EU adds stricter EU documentation and enforcement compared with GB/T 26572.CN-made GaN fast chargers face a significant multi-layer gap to access the EU market: the legally binding EU directives and regulations require CE marking, conformity assessment, common-charger USB-C/USB-PD functionality where in scope, an EU economic operator, WEEE registration and RoHS compliance. Harmonised standards can support presumption of conformity but are not the legal obligation itself, and CCC does not substitute for the EU conformity file. Plan for 3-6 months of testing, technical-file preparation, and EU entity setup before first shipment. This is informational only — verify all requirements with a qualified EU compliance professional or legal counsel before market entry. EUR-Lex / European Parliament and Council — Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance; Directive 2022/2380/EU (common charger) at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32022L23802026-06-12 · unverified
Electrical Safety — Low Voltage Directive and Harmonised Standard EN 62368-1 In China, power adapters and chargers are subject to mandatory CCC (China Compulsory Certification) under the 3C catalogue administered by SAMR/CNCA. The applicable safety standard is GB 4943.1-2022, which is technically based on IEC 62368-1:2018 (not IEC 62368-1:2020) with additional national differences (stricter overcurrent protection, isolation requirements, high-temperature/humidity insulation provisions). It replaced GB 4943.1-2011 (based on IEC 60950-1) and GB 8898-2011. Implementation: new CCC applications required from 1 August 2023; existing certificates to be updated by 31 July 2024. CCC requires testing and factory inspection by a CNCA-designated certification body; the manufacturer receives a CCC certificate and may then affix the CCC mark.GB 4943.1-2022 (based on IEC 62368-1:2018 with national deviations; mandatory; replaces GB 4943.1-2011 and GB 8898-2011)
China Compulsory Certification (CCC) — CNCA/SAMR		 Finished consumer power supplies (GaN fast chargers, USB-C power adapters) placed on the EU market must comply with the legally binding Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD). Harmonised standards are voluntary: applying a cited standard gives presumption of conformity with corresponding LVD essential requirements, but manufacturers may use other technical solutions if the technical file demonstrates conformity. EN 62368-1:2014 (2nd edition) is cited in the EU Official Journal (OJEU) for LVD and can confer presumption of conformity. Note: EN IEC 62368-1:2020+A11:2020 (3rd edition) exists and is technically newer, but if it is not cited for the relevant requirement it does not itself confer OJEU presumption of conformity under LVD. Manufacturers must carry out a conformity assessment, compile a technical file, issue an EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC), and affix the CE marking before placing the product on the market. No third-party Notified Body is generally required for LVD self-assessment, but the DoC and technical file must be held for 10 years.Directive 2014/35/EU (Low Voltage Directive)
EN 62368-1:2014 (harmonised under LVD 2014/35/EU — 2nd edition; currently cited in OJEU)		 Although GB 4943.1-2022 (based on IEC 62368-1:2018) and EN 62368-1:2014 share a common IEC lineage, CCC certification and Chinese test reports are NOT accepted as proof of EU conformity. EU LVD compliance requires demonstrating conformity with the LVD essential requirements, usually by applying the OJEU-cited harmonised standard EN 62368-1:2014 to obtain presumption of conformity, or by using another documented technical route. The conformity route, documentation language, and regulatory framework are entirely separate. Exporters must prepare EU-recognised evidence and issue a fresh DoC even when CCC has already been obtained.[INFORMATIONAL] Products exported from China to the EU must meet LVD 2014/35/EU, issue an EU DoC and affix CE marking regardless of existing CCC status. EN 62368-1:2014 is a common voluntary harmonised-standard route to presumption of conformity, but alternative technical evidence may be used if it demonstrates compliance with LVD essential requirements. CCC and CE are parallel regimes with no mutual recognition. Both regimes must be addressed for products sold in both markets. European Parliament and Council / EUR-Lex2026-06-12 · unverified
CE Marking and EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for Power Supplies Under the CCC regime, Chinese manufacturers do not issue a self-declaration; instead, a CNCA-designated certification body issues the CCC certificate following product testing and factory inspection. The CCC mark is then applied to the product. There is no concept of a manufacturer-signed DoC under CCC. Factory inspection (initial and annual surveillance) is required to maintain the certificate.Regulations on Compulsory Product Certification (State Council Order No. 117, as amended)
CNCA-C08-01 Implementation Rules for Compulsory Product Certification — Information Technology Equipment		 Under LVD 2014/35/EU, the manufacturer (or their EU authorised representative) must draw up an EU Declaration of Conformity (DoC) before affixing CE marking. The DoC must identify the product and list the applicable EU directives and regulations. Where harmonised standards such as EN 62368-1, EMC standards, or RoHS-related standards are applied, they may be listed as the voluntary technical basis supporting presumption of conformity; if alternative specifications are used, the technical file must justify conformity another way. The CE mark must be affixed visibly, legibly, and indelibly on the product or its packaging. An EU-based economic operator (manufacturer, importer, or authorised representative) must be identifiable on the product label. The technical file must be retained for 10 years and made available to market surveillance authorities on request.Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD) — Article 7 (DoC) and Article 17 (CE marking)
Decision No 768/2008/EC (NLF modules — self-declaration Module A)
Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 (CE marking rules)		 The EU CE/DoC self-declaration model (manufacturer asserts conformity, keeps technical file, no mandatory third-party) contrasts sharply with China's CCC third-party certification model (mandatory accredited body testing and factory inspection, body issues certificate). Chinese exporters accustomed to CCC must understand that for the EU: (1) they or their EU authorised representative must sign the DoC themselves; (2) an EU-registered economic operator contact must appear on the label; (3) no EU authority pre-approves the product — but market surveillance authorities can and do audit. Failure to have a valid DoC and CE mark is grounds for border rejection or market withdrawal across all 27 EU member states.[INFORMATIONAL] Chinese exporters of GaN chargers and USB-C power adapters must issue an EU Declaration of Conformity and affix CE marking under applicable EU legislation before placing products on the EU market. Holding a CCC certificate does not substitute for the EU DoC process. Harmonised standards may be cited voluntarily to support presumption of conformity, while the mandatory duties remain the EU legal acts, technical documentation and CE/DoC obligations. European Parliament and Council / EUR-Lex2026-06-12 · unverified

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