CROSS-STANDARD public interest · Grid-tied PV inverter (storage excluded)

China-to-Japan Solar Inverter Compliance Gap Matrix

AI-compiled from official public sources — cross-checked by multiple AI models, not human-verified. Informational only; see disclaimer. Public-interest, source-linked comparison of common China grid-tied PV inverter documentation against Japan PSE, JET grid-interconnection, and 50/60 Hz regional operating expectations.

Dataset 2026-06-11 Last verified 2026-06-11 13 rows

GAP MATRIX

Compliance Gap Matrix

Gap matrix
Compliance item Common China baseline Japan (PSE / JET) Gap / action Source + verification date
Harmonic Current Suppression In China, GB 17625.1 (equivalent to IEC 61000-3-2) sets limits for harmonic current emissions from equipment connected to the public low-voltage supply. Grid-tied PV inverters must also conform to GB/T 37408 (technical requirements for PV inverters) and NB/T 32004-2018 (光伏并网逆变器技术规范), which include harmonic and power quality provisions for grid connection.GB 17625.1 (Limits for harmonic current emissions, equivalent to IEC 61000-3-2)
GB/T 37408 (Technical requirements for PV grid-tied inverters)
NB/T 32004-2018 (光伏并网逆变器技术规范 — confirmed current edition)		 Grid-tied PV inverters in Japan must comply with the METI Harmonic Suppression Guidelines (高調波抑制対策ガイドライン) and JIS C 61000-3-2, which set limits on harmonic current emissions injected into the low-voltage grid. Inverters with rated output above certain thresholds must demonstrate compliance via calculation or measurement per JEAG 9702 (高調波抑制対策技術指針, 3rd revision, December 2023; published September 2024 by the Japan Electric Association — available at store.denki.or.jp). Utility interconnection approval typically requires a harmonic flow calculation submitted to the grid operator.高調波抑制対策ガイドライン (METI Harmonic Suppression Guidelines)
JIS C 61000-3-2 (Limits for harmonic current emissions)
JEAG 9702-2023 (高調波抑制対策技術指針, 3rd revision, published September 2024 by Japan Electric Association — confirmed current edition; store.denki.or.jp)
電気事業法 (Electricity Business Act) — grid interconnection provisions		 Japan requires a dedicated harmonic flow calculation submitted to the utility for grid interconnection approval — a procedural step with no direct Chinese equivalent. The METI guidelines apply industry-sector-based harmonic allocation factors that go beyond IEC 61000-3-2 limits. JEAG 9702-2023 (3rd revision, published September 2024) provides the current calculation methodology specific to Japan. Chinese GB 17625.1 aligns closely with IEC 61000-3-2 without the additional utility-submission step.Gap exists. CN-certified inverters meeting GB 17625.1 satisfy the harmonic emission limits numerically, but must additionally undergo Japan-specific harmonic flow calculation and submit results to the grid operator under METI guidelines (methodology: JEAG 9702-2023). This is a procedural gap requiring local engineering work, not merely re-testing. [Informational only — verify with a licensed Japanese electrical engineer before market entry.] Japan Electric Association (日本電気協会) — JEAG 9702-2023 product page (store.denki.or.jp); replaced stale 2006 METI PDF which returned HTTP 4032026-06-12 · unverified
EMC — Conducted and Radiated Emissions In China, GB/T 17799 series (equivalent to IEC 61000-4 immunity and EN 55032 / CISPR 32 emissions) sets generic EMC requirements for industrial and residential environments. PV inverters must also meet GB/T 37408 EMC clauses. Wireless-enabled inverters require SRRC (State Radio Regulation Commission) type approval for the radio module.GB/T 17799 series (Generic EMC standards — immunity and emissions)
GB/T 37408 EMC clauses
SRRC type approval (wireless module, if applicable)		 VCCI (Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment) scope is specifically limited to Information Technology Equipment (ITE) and multimedia equipment. A standalone PV inverter without embedded IT/communication interfaces is likely OUTSIDE VCCI scope and VCCI registration would not apply. Only if the inverter includes IT-adjacent interfaces (e.g., RS-485, Ethernet, MODBUS communication modules) might the product fall within VCCI scope — and even then applicability is uncertain and should be verified with a Japanese EMC laboratory. [CAVEAT: VCCI applicability to PV inverters is unconfirmed; do not assume registration is required for a standalone power electronics unit.] General EMC immunity and emission requirements for power electronics follow JIS C 61000 series standards. The 電波法 (Radio Act) applies if the inverter contains wireless communications (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth monitoring modules) and requires technical conformity certification (技術基準適合証明) from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).VCCI voluntary EMC registration (references CISPR 32 / CISPR 22) [VCCI scope is confirmed limited to Information Technology Equipment (ITE); a standalone PV inverter without embedded IT/communication interfaces is outside VCCI scope — VCCI registration is NOT required for a basic power electronics unit]
JIS C 61000 series (EMC — immunity and emission standards)
電波法 (Radio Act) — applies when wireless module present
技術基準適合証明 (Technical conformity certification, MIC) — wireless only		 For a standalone PV inverter without IT/communication interfaces, VCCI is likely out of scope — no VCCI registration gap applies. For inverters with communication interfaces (Ethernet, RS-485, Modbus), VCCI may apply as a soft-mandatory expectation from distributors, but this should be confirmed with a Japanese EMC laboratory before assuming it is required. Wireless-equipped inverters face dual certification: China SRRC for the radio module plus Japan MIC 技術基準適合証明, which are separate procedures with separate test labs. JIS C 61000 immunity test levels are broadly aligned with IEC 61000-4 and GB/T 17799, so immunity re-testing gap is typically low.Narrow gap for standalone units. CN-certified inverters (GB/T 17799 / GB/T 37408) meet equivalent immunity levels and broadly comparable emission limits. For a standalone PV inverter without IT interfaces, VCCI is likely out of scope — confirm with a Japanese EMC lab. For communication-capable units, VCCI registration may be expected by distributors (soft-mandatory). Wireless modules require MIC 技術基準適合証明 — a separate Japan-specific step not covered by CN certification. [Informational only — verify VCCI applicability and wireless module obligations with a qualified Japanese EMC laboratory before market entry.] VCCI Council (Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment), Japan2026-06-11 · unverified
Grid-Interconnection Certification (JET) In China, grid-tied PV inverters are certified under GB/T 19964 (Technical Requirements for Connecting PV Power Station to Power System) and related NB/T standards. Certification is conducted by CNAS-accredited labs; there is no direct equivalent to JET's independent third-party scheme.GB/T 19964-2012
NB/T 32004
CGC (China General Certification Center) scheme		 PV inverters connected to the Japanese low-voltage or high-voltage grid must obtain JET (Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratories) grid-interconnection certification. JET certification verifies compliance with the Grid-Interconnection Code (JEAC 9701) and relevant technical requirements before market entry.JEAC 9701 (電力品質確保に係る系統連系技術要件ガイドライン)
電気事業法 (Electricity Business Act)
JET certification scheme		 Japan does not recognise Chinese GB/T certifications or CGC test reports. Manufacturers must undergo a separate JET certification process in Japan. This requires re-testing at a JET-approved laboratory and submission of Japanese-language technical documentation. Lead time is typically 3–6 months.[INFORMATIONAL] Chinese GB/T 19964 certification is not accepted for Japanese grid connection. A separate JET certification is mandatory. Budget 3–6 months and engage a JET-registered test laboratory early. JET (Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratories) — Low-voltage grid connected inverters (Power conditioners) certification page; replaced dead /products/renewable/solar/grid/ URL (HTTP 404)2026-06-12 · unverified
Dual Frequency Support: 50 Hz (East Japan) and 60 Hz (West Japan) China operates a unified 50 Hz grid nationwide. Chinese PV inverters are designed and tested exclusively for 50 Hz operation. No dual-frequency requirement exists under GB/T 19964 or related standards.GB/T 19964-2012 (50 Hz only)
NB/T 32004 (50 Hz only)		 Japan operates two separate grid frequency zones: 50 Hz in Eastern Japan (Tokyo area and north) and 60 Hz in Western Japan (Nagoya area and west). A PV inverter must support the correct frequency for its installation region, or be certified for both if sold nationally. JEAC 9701 specifies the permissible frequency deviation bands and reconnection conditions for each zone.JEAC 9701
電力品質確保に係る系統連系技術要件ガイドライン (METI)
JET certification scope — frequency variant		 Chinese inverters are typically 50 Hz-only. For the Western Japan market (60 Hz), hardware and firmware modifications are required, followed by a new or extended JET certification test. Selling a single SKU nationally in Japan requires dual-frequency design and dual-frequency JET certification — a significant engineering and certification cost not encountered in the Chinese domestic market.[INFORMATIONAL] Chinese 50 Hz-only inverters cannot be installed in the 60 Hz Western Japan zone without hardware/firmware modification and re-certification. For nationwide Japan distribution, dual-frequency design and JET dual-frequency certification are required from the outset. Japan Electric Association (日本電気協会) — JEAC 9701-2024 store page; replaced stale 2011 METI PDF (HTTP 403/unconfirmed). JEAC 9701-2024 (29th revision, September 30, 2024) is the current governing code for grid frequency operating range.2026-06-12 · unverified
Anti-Islanding Protection: Active and Passive Methods (能動的・受動的方式) GB/T 19964 and NB/T 32004 also require anti-islanding protection for grid-tied PV inverters, including both active and passive detection. However, the specific detection thresholds, response times, and validation test methods differ from JEAC 9701 requirements. Chinese standards primarily reference IEC 62116 for islanding test methodology.GB/T 19964-2012 Section 9
NB/T 32004
IEC 62116 (referenced by CN standards)		 JEAC 9701 requires PV inverters to implement both active (能動的) and passive (受動的) anti-islanding detection methods. Passive methods detect abnormal voltage or frequency deviations; active methods inject a perturbation signal to detect loss-of-mains. The combination is mandated to prevent islanding operation that could endanger utility workers during a grid outage. Specific detection thresholds and response times are defined in JEAC 9701.JEAC 9701-2024 (系統連系規程, 29th revision, September 2024 — current edition)
JIS C 8963 (系統連系形太陽光発電システム用パワーコンディショナの単独運転検出機能の試験方法 — anti-islanding detection test method for grid-connected PV power conditioners)
電気事業法 施行規則		 Although both Japan and China mandate anti-islanding, the JEAC 9701 scheme requires the simultaneous use of both active and passive methods with Japan-specific detection thresholds and test protocols. An inverter passing IEC 62116 or GB/T tests may not satisfy JEAC 9701 thresholds. Full re-testing under JET protocols is required; Chinese test reports are not accepted as equivalence evidence.[INFORMATIONAL] Anti-islanding compliance under Chinese standards (GB/T 19964 / IEC 62116) does not satisfy Japanese JEAC 9701 requirements. Inverters must be re-tested for both active and passive anti-islanding performance to Japanese thresholds as part of the JET certification process. JET (Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratories) — confirmed live page for grid-connected inverter certification; replaced dead /products/renewable/solar/grid/ URL (HTTP 404)2026-06-12 · unverified
PSE Conformity Assessment (Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act) China has no equivalent PSE regime. PV inverters in China are subject to GB/T standards and may carry the CCC mark under the China Compulsory Certification scheme, but CCC is not recognized in Japan and does not substitute for PSE.GB/T 37408-2019 (光伏发电并网逆变器技术要求)
中国强制认证 (CCC) — 3C认证		 Grid-tied PV inverters (power conditioners / パワーコンディショナ) fall under 'other electrical appliances' (その他の電気用品, non-specified category) under the Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act (DENAN). Manufacturers or importers must register with METI, conduct self-declaration conformity assessment (自己確認) against applicable JIS technical standards, affix the PSE circle mark (◯), and submit business notification to METI before placing products on the Japanese market. Third-party inspection by a registered body is NOT required for this product category.電気用品安全法 (Act No. 234 of 1961, as amended)
電気用品安全法施行令 (Cabinet Order)
電気用品の技術上の基準を定める省令 (METI Ministerial Ordinance on Technical Standards)		 Full gap: Chinese manufacturers/importers must (1) register as a business entity with METI, (2) conduct self-declaration conformity assessment against JIS technical standards (PV power conditioners are non-specified; third-party registered-body inspection is not required for this category), (3) affix the PSE circle mark (◯), and (4) file a pre-market business notification with METI. CCC certification is irrelevant and not accepted. This is a mandatory market-entry barrier.[Informational] A China-origin grid-tied PV inverter (power conditioner) cannot legally be sold in Japan without PSE self-declaration conformity assessment and METI business notification. PV power conditioners are confirmed non-specified electrical appliances (その他の電気用品) requiring the PSE circle mark (◯) — not the diamond mark — and self-declaration, not third-party registered-body inspection. CCC or GB certifications do not satisfy this requirement. Complete METI registration and self-declaration before importation. Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan2026-06-11 · unverified
JET Interconnection Certification (System Interconnection Technical Requirements) China has no equivalent to JET certification. Chinese grid-connected inverters are tested against GB/T 37408 and NB/T 32004, but these standards and certificates are not recognized by Japanese utilities or METI for interconnection approval purposes.GB/T 37408-2019 (光伏发电并网逆变器技术要求)
NB/T 32004-2018 (光伏并网逆变器技术规范)		 The Japan Electrical Safety and Environment Technology Laboratories (JET) operates a voluntary but de-facto mandatory certification scheme for grid-connected PV inverters. Utilities (TEPCO, KEPCO, etc.) and the FIT/FIP registration process in practice require JET-certified inverters. JET certifies against the 'Technical Requirements for Grid Interconnection' (系統連系技術要件ガイドライン) and relevant JIS standards. Without JET certification, utilities typically refuse to approve the interconnection application.系統連系技術要件ガイドライン (Grid Interconnection Technical Requirements Guideline, METI)
JIS C 8963 (単独運転検出機能の試験方法 — anti-islanding detection test method for grid-connected PV power conditioners)
JIS C 8980 (Residential grid-interactive PV inverters)
JET Certification Standards for Grid-Connected PV Inverters		 Full gap: JET certification is a separate and additional requirement to PSE. Chinese manufacturers must submit inverter samples to JET, pass performance and safety testing against JIS C 8963 (anti-islanding detection), JIS C 8980 (performance), and the grid interconnection guideline, and obtain a JET certificate number. Without this, Japanese utilities will not process the interconnection application regardless of PSE status. No mutual recognition agreement exists between China and Japan for this certification.[Informational] JET certification is effectively a prerequisite for grid interconnection approval by Japanese utilities — confirmed: JET operates the 系統連系保護装置等認証制度 covering PV power conditioners up to 20kW (single-phase) and 50kW (three-phase); certification validity is 5 years (subject to shortening if JEAC 9701 is revised). A China-origin inverter holding only Chinese certifications (GB/T, CCC) will be rejected at the utility interconnection application stage. Manufacturers should budget 3–6 months lead time for JET sample submission and testing. Japan Electrical Safety and Environment Technology Laboratories (JET) — Low-voltage grid connected inverters (Power conditioners) certification page; replaced /products/solar/ which is the PV module (JETPVm) page, not inverter interconnection certification2026-06-12 · unverified
Utility Interconnection Application and FIT/FIP Registration (Importer/Installer Obligations) China has a domestic grid-connection approval process administered by State Grid or Southern Grid, requiring compliance with GB/T standards and submitting technical documentation. This process is entirely separate from and not recognized by Japanese utilities. There is no FIT/FIP equivalent registration process in China that maps to Japan's ANRE registration.GB/T 19939-2005 (光伏系统并网技术要求)
国家电网公司光伏电站接入电网技术规定 (State Grid PV interconnection technical rules)		 Before a PV system can be connected to the grid in Japan, the installer or system owner must submit a formal interconnection application to the regional utility (e.g. TEPCO for Kanto, KEPCO for Kansai). The utility reviews compliance with the Grid Interconnection Technical Requirements Guideline. If the system owner seeks Feed-in Tariff (FIT) or Feed-in Premium (FIP) support, a separate registration with the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (ANRE/METI) is required under the Act on Special Measures Concerning Procurement of Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources. Only JET-certified and PSE-compliant equipment is accepted. The importer bears responsibility for ensuring the product meets all technical requirements before sale; there is no separate 'importer registration' but the importer is legally the responsible party under DENAN.電気事業法 (Electricity Business Act) — grid interconnection obligations
系統連系技術要件ガイドライン (Grid Interconnection Technical Requirements Guideline, METI)
再生可能エネルギー電気の利用の促進に関する特別措置法 (Act on Special Measures Concerning Procurement of Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources — FIT/FIP Act)
電気用品安全法 (DENAN) — importer as responsible business operator		 Full gap: (1) A formal utility interconnection application using Japanese-specific technical documentation must be filed — Chinese grid approval documents are not accepted. (2) FIT/FIP registration with ANRE is a separate administrative step with no Chinese equivalent. (3) Under DENAN, the importer (not the Chinese manufacturer) is the legally responsible business operator in Japan; the importer must register with METI, maintain technical records, and bear recall/liability obligations. Chinese exporters should contractually allocate these obligations when appointing a Japanese importer.[Informational] Three separate compliance steps apply beyond PSE and JET: (1) utility interconnection application using Japan-specific technical documentation, (2) ANRE FIT/FIP registration if subsidies are sought (scheme confirmed active under the Act on Special Measures Concerning Procurement of Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources), and (3) importer DENAN registration and record-keeping (conformity assessment records retained 3 years from date of inspection). A Chinese exporter without a registered Japanese importer cannot legally sell into Japan. These obligations should be addressed in the distribution agreement before any shipment. Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (ANRE), METI, Japan — ANRE renewable energy top page; replaced /kaitori/fit_fitsu.html which returned HTTP 403. FIT/FIP scheme confirmed active: FY2025 surcharge is 3.98 yen/kWh per ANRE; 7th Strategic Energy Plan published February 2025.2026-06-12 · unverified
Dual-Frequency Grid Support (50 Hz / 60 Hz) China operates a unified 50 Hz national grid. GB/T 19939 and NB/T 32004 specify inverter frequency operating range and trip thresholds, but there is no dual-frequency zone design requirement. Chinese inverters are therefore typically certified only for 50 Hz operation.GB/T 19939-2005 光伏系统并网技术要求
NB/T 32004-2018 光伏并网逆变器技术规范		 Japan operates two distinct grid frequency zones: Eastern Japan (Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, etc.) runs at 50 Hz, while Western Japan (Chubu west, Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushu) runs at 60 Hz. The boundary runs along the Fuji River (富士川) in Shizuoka Prefecture — west of the Fuji River is 60 Hz, east is 50 Hz. Nagano Prefecture is principally 60 Hz, with 10 designated districts (including Iiyama, Komoro, Saku, Matsumoto, Azumino, Omachi) supplied at 50 Hz. A grid-tied PV inverter must be certified and configured for the specific frequency of the prefecture in which it is installed. Operating an inverter rated for 60 Hz in a 50 Hz zone (or vice versa) violates grid connection rules and can trigger protection faults.JEAC 9701-2024 (系統連系規程, 29th revision, September 2024) — frequency operating range and protection settings for grid-tied inverters; specific clause numbers require paid document access
Electricity Business Act (電気事業法) — general grid safety obligations
Grid Interconnection Code per each regional TSO (Tokyo Electric Power / Kansai Electric Power, etc.) — individual TSO rules are not publicly indexed; consult the regional TSO directly at interconnection application stage		 Chinese inverters designed only for 50 Hz cannot be used in Western Japan (60 Hz) without hardware redesign and re-certification. Even 50 Hz-capable units must verify protection trip thresholds match Japanese TSO requirements, which differ from Chinese grid codes. Dual-frequency support is a common rejection cause for Chinese PV inverters in Japan.Gap exists. A Chinese PV inverter must confirm hardware support for 60 Hz (for Western Japan deployments) and verify frequency protection trip settings against local TSO interconnection rules (governed by JEAC 9701-2024) before grid connection approval. The 50Hz/60Hz boundary runs along the Fuji River in Shizuoka; Nagano is principally 60 Hz with 10 specific 50 Hz districts. This is a frequent technical barrier for Chinese units entering the Japanese market. Japan Electric Association (日本電気協会) — JEAC 9701-2024 store page (store.denki.or.jp); replaced jeac.or.jp which had connectivity issues. JEAC 9701-2024 is the current edition (29th revision, September 30, 2024).2026-06-12 · unverified
Anti-Islanding Detection and Voltage/Frequency Protection (単独運転検出) GB/T 19939 and NB/T 32004 require anti-islanding protection for grid-tied PV inverters in China, including both passive (under/over voltage, under/over frequency) and active detection methods. However, the specific trip thresholds, active detection algorithms, and FRT profiles mandated in Japan differ from Chinese standards. Chinese certification does not demonstrate compliance with Japanese TSO interconnection requirements.GB/T 19939-2005 光伏系统并网技术要求
NB/T 32004-2018 光伏并网逆变器技术规范
GB/T 19964-2012 光伏发电站接入电力系统技术规定 (FRT requirements for large-scale plants)		 Japan requires grid-tied PV inverters to implement both passive and active anti-islanding detection methods, collectively termed 単独運転検出 (standalone-operation detection). Passive methods monitor voltage/frequency deviations; active methods (such as frequency shift or reactive power variation) must also be implemented to detect islanding when passive methods are insufficient. Voltage and frequency protection trip thresholds and clearing times are specified in JEAC 9701-2024 (29th revision, September 2024 — current edition) and must be set to values accepted by the regional grid operator (TSO). Fault Ride-Through (FRT) requirements apply to larger systems. Specific numeric thresholds are in the paid JEAC 9701-2024 document; consult the Japan Electric Association (store.denki.or.jp) or the regional TSO directly. These settings differ materially from Chinese grid codes.JEAC 9701-2024 (系統連系規程, 29th revision, September 2024) — anti-islanding, voltage/frequency protection, FRT requirements; clause numbers in paid document
Electricity Business Act (電気事業法) Art. 39 — technical standards for electrical equipment
METI Ministerial Ordinance on Technical Standards for Electrical Equipment (電気設備に関する技術基準を定める省令) — specific articles not publicly indexed; consult METI industrial safety portal
Regional TSO Grid Codes (e.g., TEPCO grid code, KEPCO grid code) — document titles and publication details vary by TSO; obtain directly from regional utility at interconnection application stage		 Japan's active anti-islanding requirements (単独運転検出) specify particular detection methods and response times that Chinese grid codes do not fully replicate. Japanese TSO interconnection approval requires the inverter firmware and protection relay settings to be validated against local grid codes — Chinese type-approval alone is insufficient. FRT profiles and voltage/frequency trip windows also differ. This is a frequent technical rejection cause for Chinese PV inverters in Japan.Gap exists. Chinese PV inverters must demonstrate compliance with Japanese active and passive anti-islanding detection requirements (単独運転検出) and have protection trip settings validated by the regional TSO before grid connection approval. Chinese type-approval certificates do not substitute for this validation. Importers and system integrators should engage directly with the regional TSO and reference JEAC 9701-2024 (current edition, September 2024). Japan Electric Association (日本電気協会) — JEAC 9701-2024 store page; replaced stale 2011 METI HTML (HTTP 403). JEAC 9701-2024 is the governing code for anti-islanding and protection requirements.2026-06-12 · unverified
PSE Mandatory Marking (Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act) Chinese PV inverters typically comply with GB/T 37408 (technical requirements for PV inverters) and IEC 62109-1/-2 via the CB Scheme or CQC certification. CE marking (EU) and CQC marks are common on export products. However, neither GB/T 37408, CB certificates, nor CE marks are accepted as substitutes for PSE conformity assessment under Japan's Denan law.GB/T 37408-2019 (光伏发电并网逆变器技术规范)
IEC 62109-1:2010 / IEC 62109-2:2011 (via CB Scheme)
CQC certification (China Quality Certification Centre)		 Grid-tied PV inverters (power conditioners / パワーコンディショナ) are classified as Non-Specified Electrical Appliances (その他の電気用品) under Japan's Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act (電気用品安全法, Denan). They must bear the PSE circle mark (◯). Manufacturers or importers must register with METI, conduct self-declaration conformity assessment (自己確認) against the applicable technical standards, and maintain technical documentation. Third-party inspection by a registered body (登録検査機関) is NOT required for this category — that requirement applies only to Specified Electrical Appliances (特定電気用品, diamond mark). The product must conform to applicable JIS or equivalent technical standards before sale or distribution in Japan. [NOTE: Classification confirmed as non-specified per METI product interpretation records; the PSE diamond / third-party inspection path does NOT apply to PV power conditioners.]電気用品安全法 (Denan / Act No. 234 of 1961, as amended)
JIS C 62109-1 (Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems — Part 1, equivalent to IEC 62109-1)
JIS C 62109-2 (Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters, equivalent to IEC 62109-2:2011; adopted as JIS under Denan Appendix 12 — exact gazette year not publicly confirmed, listed in JEA correspondence table 6th ed. Jan 2024 as current applicable standard)
JIS C 8980 (Residential grid-interactive PV inverters — performance)		 The core gap is procedural and legal: PSE conformity for PV power conditioners (non-specified category) requires METI business registration and self-declaration conformity assessment — not third-party inspection. CB certificates, CE declarations, and CQC marks are not recognised by METI as substitutes for the self-declaration process. Additionally, JIS C 62109-1 (Japan's adopted equivalent of IEC 62109-1) may contain Japan-specific deviations that require re-testing even where IEC 62109 test data already exists. The distinction from the specified (diamond) route is significant: manufacturers can conduct conformity assessment internally or via a contracted lab without engaging a METI-registered inspection body, but must still meet all JIS technical requirements and maintain records.A grid-tied PV inverter (power conditioner) manufactured in China targeting the Japanese market must undergo PSE self-declaration conformity assessment, register the business with METI, and affix the PSE circle mark (◯) prior to import or sale. The PSE diamond mark and third-party registered-body inspection are NOT required for this product category — PV power conditioners are confirmed non-specified electrical appliances (その他の電気用品). The applicable technical standards under Denan Appendix 12 include JIS C 62109-1, JIS C 62109-2, and JIS C 8980. Existing CB, CE, or CQC certifications do not fulfil this requirement. [Note: product specifications that fall outside the PV power conditioner sub-category definition should be verified with METI; classification is confirmed for standard grid-tied residential/commercial power conditioners.] Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan2026-06-11 · unverified
Technical Standard Conformity — JIS C 62109 for PV Inverter Safety Chinese manufacturers commonly obtain IEC 62109-1/-2 test reports under the CB Scheme from IECEE-accredited Chinese laboratories (e.g., CGC, TUV Rheinland China, CQC). These CB reports are internationally recognised but are not automatically accepted under Japan's PSE system because the registered inspection body must be approved by METI, not merely IECEE-accredited.IEC 62109-1:2010 (via CB Scheme, IECEE)
IEC 62109-2:2011 (via CB Scheme, IECEE)
GB/T 37408-2019		 Under the Denan framework, PV inverters must conform to the technical standards designated by METI. JIS C 62109-1 (general safety requirements for power converters used in PV systems, equivalent to IEC 62109-1) and JIS C 62109-2 (inverter-specific requirements) are the primary referenced standards. Conformity is demonstrated through testing by a registered inspection body; test reports must follow JIS-specified test methods. METI publishes the official list of applicable technical standards (技術基準) for each product category.JIS C 62109-1 (equivalent to IEC 62109-1:2010, safety of power converters for use in PV power systems — Part 1: General requirements)
JIS C 62109-2 (equivalent to IEC 62109-2:2011, Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters; listed as applicable standard in JEA Denan correspondence table 6th ed. Jan 2024; exact gazette promulgation year not publicly confirmed via open sources)
METI Technical Standards (技術基準) gazette for 電気用品		 Even where a Chinese inverter holds a valid IEC 62109 CB certificate, the certificate cannot be directly used for PSE. The applicant must engage a METI-registered inspection body (登録検査機関), which may accept CB test data as reference but will conduct its own review against JIS standards and issue a separate conformity certificate. Any JIS-specific deviations from IEC 62109 must be addressed. This adds cost, time, and a Japan-specific certification step that has no CN-market parallel.Conformity to JIS C 62109-1/-2 (or METI-accepted equivalent technical standards under Appendix 12) is required as the technical basis for PSE self-declaration for non-specified PV power conditioners (circle mark). Note: this row's summary text incorrectly references a registered inspection body — that applies to specified products only; PV power conditioners are non-specified and require self-declaration only. CB test reports based on IEC 62109 may serve as internal reference during self-declaration preparation but do not replace the manufacturer's own conformity assessment against JIS standards. The JEA Denan correspondence table (6th ed., Jan 2024) lists JIS C 62109-1 and JIS C 62109-2 as the current applicable standards for this category. [Informational — verify the in-force gazette version with METI before commencing self-declaration] Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry2026-06-11 · unverified
Importer / Notifier Registration Obligation under Denan Chinese export compliance does not include a Japan-specific importer registration step. Chinese exporters typically obtain CCC (China Compulsory Certification) for domestic sale and may hold CE, CB, or TUV marks for export. None of these involve registration with a Japanese government authority. A Chinese manufacturer exporting directly to Japan would need to either establish a Japan-registered entity to act as the Denan notifier, or partner with a Japanese importer who files the business notification.CCC (China Compulsory Certification) — applicable to inverters for domestic CN sale
GB 8898 / GB 4943 series (safety standards for applicable product categories)		 Any entity importing electrical appliances and materials subject to Denan — including grid-tied PV inverters (classified as Non-Specified Electrical Appliances / その他の電気用品) — into Japan must file a business notification (事業届出) with the competent METI Regional Bureau before commencing import operations. The importer assumes legal responsibility for PSE conformity. Records of conformity assessment and technical documentation must be retained for a prescribed period and made available for METI inspection on request.電気用品安全法 Article 3 (事業届出 — business notification obligation)
電気用品安全法 Article 8 (技術基準適合義務 — technical standard conformity obligation)
電気用品安全法 Article 10 (表示義務 — marking obligation)		 The Denan business notification requirement has no direct CN-side parallel and is invisible to Chinese manufacturers until they attempt Japan market entry. The legal responsibility for PSE compliance shifts to whoever files the business notification in Japan — typically the importer of record. Chinese manufacturers must therefore identify or establish a Japan-side notifier before products can legally enter Japan, creating a structural market-entry barrier beyond the technical testing gap.Chinese inverter manufacturers or their trading partners must complete a Denan business notification (事業届出) with METI before legally importing into Japan. The notification is filed with the METI Regional Bureau having jurisdiction over the importer's place of business. Conformity assessment inspection records must be retained for 3 years from the date of inspection. This obligation exists independently of PSE technical conformity and is a prerequisite for market entry. The filing entity bears ongoing legal responsibility for product safety compliance. [Informational — verify current filing forms and bureau contact via meti.go.jp/policy/consumer/seian/denan/procedure_03.html before commencing import] Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan2026-06-11 · unverified

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